Investigations of Pesticide Contamination in Varied Pesticide-Use Settings

Battaglin, W.A., Kuivila, K., Winton, K., and Meyer, M., 2008,

Occurrence of chlorothalonil, its transformation products, and selected other pesticides in Texas and Oklahoma streams, 2003-2004: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2008–5016, 9 p.

Hladik, M.L., and Kuivila, K.M., 2008,

Analysis of chlorothalonil and three degradates in sediment and soil: Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, v. 56, no. 7, p. 2310-2314, doi:10.1021/jf703695s.

Hladik, M.L., Smalling, K.L., and Kuivila, K.M., 2008,

A multi-residue method for the analysis of pesticides and pesticide degradates in water using HLB solid-phase extraction and gas chromatography--ion trap mass spectrometry: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 80, no. 2, p. 139-144, doi:10.1007/s00128-007-9332-2.

Kolpin, D.W., Battaglin, W.A., Conn, K.E., Furlong, E.T., Glassmeyer, S.T., Kalkhoff, S.J., Meyer, M.T., and Schnoebelen, D.J., 2008,

Occurrence of transformation products in the environment, in Boxall, A., ed., Degradation of Synthetic Chemicals in the Environment, The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry: Berlin, Springer-Verlag (Advanced Web release).

Thurman, E.M., and Scribner, E.A., 2008,

A decade of measuring, monitoring, and studying the fate and transport of triazine herbicides in groundwater, surface water, reservoirs, and precipitation by the U.S. Geological Survey (Chapter 30), in LeBaron, H.M., McFarland, J., and Burnside, O., eds., The Triazine Herbicides: Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Elsevier Science, ISBN:978-0-444-51167-6.

Battaglin, W., Drewes, J., Bruce, B., and McHugh, M., 2007,

Contaminants of emerging concern in the environment: Water Resources Impact, v. 9, no. 3, p. 3-4.

Brown, J.B., and Battaglin, W.A., 2007,

Striving for collaborative science and communication through the Consortium for Research and Education on Emerging Contaminants (CREEC): Water Resources Impact, v. 9, no. 3, p. 22-24.

Costanzo, S.D., Watkinson, A.J., Murby, E.J., Kolpin, D.W., and Sandstrom, M.W., 2007,

Is there a risk associated with the insect repellent DEET (N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide) commonly found inaquatic environments?: Science of the Total Environment, v. 384, no. 1-3, p. 214-220, doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2007.05.036.

Kuivila, K.M., and Jennings, B.E., 2007,

Input, flux, and persistence of six select pesticides in San Francisco Bay: International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, v. 87, no. 13, p. 897-911, doi:10.1080/03067310701619014.

Meyer, M.T., Lee, E.A., and Scribner, E.A., 2007,

Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey Organic Geochemistry Research Group--Determination of dissolved isoxaflutole and its sequential degradation products, diketonitrile and benzoic acid, in water using solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods, book 5, sec. A, chap. 9, 13 p.

Meyer, M.T., Scribner, E.A., and Kalkhoff, S.J., 2007,

Comparison of fate and transport of isoxaflutole to atrazine and metolachlor in 10 Iowa rivers: Environmental Science and Technology, v. 41, no. 20, p. 6933-6939, doi:10.1021/es070903t.

Oblinger, C.J., Gill, A.C., McPherson, A.K., Meyer, M.T., and Furlong, E.T., 2007,

Occurrence of selected pharmaceuticals, personal-care products, organic wastewater compounds, and pesticides in the lower Tallapoosa River watershed near Montgomery, Alabama, 2005: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5266, 23 p.

Robinson, G.R., Larkins, P., Boughton, C.J., Reed, B.W., and Sibrell, P.L., 2007,

Assessment of contamination from arsenical pesticide use on orchards in the great valley region, Virginia and West Virginia, USA: Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 36, no. 3, p. 654-663, doi:10.2134/jeq2006.0413.

Scribner, E.A., Battaglin, W.A., Gilliom, R.J., and Meyer, M.T., 2007,

Concentrations of glyphosate, its degradation product, aminomethylphosphonic acid, and glufosinate in ground- and surface-water, rainfall, and soil samples collected in the United States, 2001-06: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5122, 112 p.

Smalling, K.L., Orlando, J., and Kuivila, K., 2007,

Occurrence of pesticides in water, sediment, and soil from the Yolo Bypass, California: San Francisco Estuary and Watershed Science, v. 5, no. 1, article 2 (Article 2).

Baker, N.T., Stone, W.W., Wilson, J.T., and Meyer, M.T., 2006,

Occurrence and transport of agricultural chemicals in Leary Weber Ditch Basin, Hancock County, Indiana, 2003-04: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5251, 44 p.

Boxall, A.B.A., Sinclair, C.J., and Kolpin, D.W., 2006,

Potential risks of pesticide degradates to aquatic life, in Gilliom, R.J., and others, eds., Pesticides in the nation's streams and ground water, 1992-2001: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1291, p. 81-86.

Klein, C., Schneider, R.J., Meyer, M.T., and Aga, D.S., 2006,

Enantiomeric separation of metolachlor and its metabolites using LC-MS and CZE: Chemosphere, v. 62, no. 10, p. 1591-1599, doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2005.06.048.

Kolpin, D.W., Thurman, E.M., Lee, E.A., Meyer, M.T., Furlong, E.T., and Glassmeyer, S.T., 2006,

Urban contributions of glyphosate and its degradate AMPA to streams in the United States: Science of the Total Environment, v. 354, no. 2-3, p. 191-197, doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2005.01.028.

Orlando, J.L., and Kuivila, K.M., 2006,

Seasonal changes in concentrations of dissolved pesticides and organic carbon in the Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta, California, 1994–1996: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 197, 32 p.

Scribner, E.A., Goolsby, D.A., Battaglin, W.A., Meyer, M.T., and Thurman, E.M., 2006,

Concentrations of selected herbicides, herbicide degradation products, and nutrients in the lower Mississippi river, Louisiana, April 1991 through December 2003: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 165, 84 p.

Scribner, E.A., Meyer, M.T., and Kalkhoff, S.J., 2006,

Occurrence of isoxaflutole, acetamide, and triazine herbicides and their degradation products in 10 Iowa rivers draining to the Mississippi and Missouri Rivers, 2004: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5169, 84 p.

Scribner, E.A., Orlando, J., Battaglin, W.A., Sandstrom, M.W., Kuivila, K., and Meyer, M.T., 2006,

Results of analysis of the fungicide chlorothalonil, its degradation products, and other selected pesticides at 22 surface-water sites in five southern States, 2003-04: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1207, 59 p.

Battaglin, W.A., Kolpin, D.W., Scribner, E.A., Kuivila, K.M., and Sandstrom, M.W., 2005,

Glyphasate, other herbicides, and transformation products in midwestern streams, 2002: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 41, no. 2, p. 323-332, doi:10.1111/j.1752-1688.2005.tb03738.x

Coupe, R.H., Welch, H.L., Pell, A.B., and Thurman, E.M., 2005,

Herbicide and degradate flux in the Yazoo River Basin: International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, v. 85, no. 15, p. 1127-1140, doi:10.1080/03067310500273351.

Mills, P.C., Kolpin, D.W., Scribner, E.A., and Thurman, E.M., 2005,

Herbicides and degradates in shallow aquifers of Illinois - Spatial and temporal trends: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 41, no. 3, p. 537-547, doi:10.1111/j.1752-1688.2005.tb03753.x.

Nolan, B.T., Bayless, E.R., Green, C.T., Garb, S., Voss, F.D., Lampe, D.C., Barbash, J.E., Capel, P., and Bekins, B., 2005,

Evaluation of unsaturated-zone solute-transport models for studies of agricultural chemicals: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1196, 21 p.

Sandstrom, M.W., Kolpin, D.W., Thurman, E.M., and Zaugg, S.D., 2005,

Widespread detection of N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide in U.S. streams--Comparison with concentrations of pesticides, personal care products, and other organic wastewater compounds: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 24, no. 5, p. 1029-1034, doi:10.1897/04-297R.1.

Scribner, E.A., Thurman, E.M., Goolsby, D.A., Meyer, M.T., Battaglin, W.A., and Kolpin, D.W., 2005,

Summary of significant results from studies of triazine herbicides and their degradation products in surface water, ground water, and precipitation in the midwestern United States during the 1990s: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5094, 33 p.

Williams, J.D., and Kolpin, D.W., 2005,

Current topics in agricultural hydrology and water quality--Introduction: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 41, p. 243-244.

Boxall, A.B.A., Sinclair, C.J., Fenner, K., Kolpin, D., and Maund, S.J., 2004,

When synthetic chemicals degrade in the environment--What are the absolute fate, effects, and potential risks to humans and the ecosystem?: Environmental Science and Technology, v. 38, no. 19, p. 368A-375A.

Kinney, C.A., Mosier, A.R., Ferrer, I., Furlong, E.T., and Mandernack, K.W., 2004,

Effects of the fungicides mancozeb and chlorothalonil on fluxes of CO2, N2O, and CH4 in a fertilized Colorado grassland soil: Journal of Geophysical Research - Atmospheres, v. 109, p. DO5303, doi:10.1029/2003JD003655.

Kinney, C.A., Mosier, A.R., Ferrer, I., Furlong, E.T., and Mandernack, K.W., 2004,

Effects of the herbicides prosulfuron and metalachlor on fluxes of CO2, N2O, and CH4 in fertilized Colorado grassland soil: Journal of Geophysical Research - Atmospheres, v. 109, p. D05304, doi:10.1029/2003JD003656.

Kolpin, D.W., Battaglin, W.A., Meyer, M.T., Schnoebelen, D.J., and Kalkhoff, S.J., 2004,

Pesticide degradates--Monitoring and occurrence, in Proceedings of International Symposium on Pesticides, their Degradates, and Adjuvants, Prague, Czech Republic, June 4, 2004.

Kolpin, D.W., Schnoebelen, D.J., and Thurman, E.M., 2004,

Degradates provide insight to spatial and temporal trends of herbicides in ground water: Ground Water, v. 42, no. 4, p. 601-608.

Kuivila, K.M., and Moon, G.E., 2004,

Potential exposure of larval and juvenile delta smelt to dissolved pesticides in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, California, in Feyrer, F., Brown, L.R., and Orsi, J.J., eds., Early Life History of Fishes in the San Francisco Estuary and Watershed (AFS Symposium 39): Bethesda, Maryland, American Fisheries Society, p. 229-241.

Mishra, A., Ray, C., and Kolpin, D.W., 2004,

Use of qualitative and quantitative information in neural networks for assessing agricultural chemical contamination of domestic wells: Journal of Hydrologic Engineering, v. 9, no. 6, p. 502-511, doi:10.1061/(ASCE)1084-0699(2004)9:6(502).

Orlando, J.L., Jacobson, L.A., and Kuivila, K.M., 2004,

Dissolved pesticide and organic carbon concentrations detected in surface waters, northern Central Valley, California, 2001–2002: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1214, 32 p.

Rebich, R.A., Coupe, R.H., and Thurman, E.M., 2004,

Herbicide concentrations in the Mississippi River Basin--the importance of chloroacetanilide herbicide degradates: The Science of the Total Environment, v. 321, no. 1-3, p. 189-199, doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2003.09.006.

Whitehead, A., Kuivila, K.M., Orlando, J.L., Kotelevtsev, S., and Anderson, S.L., 2004,

Genotoxicity in native fish associated with agricultural runoff events: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 32, no. 12, p. 2868-2877, doi:10.1897/03-649.1.

Worrall, F., and Kolpin, D.W., 2004,

Aquifer vulnerability to pesticide pollution - combining soil, land-use and aquifer properties with molecular descriptors: Journal of Hydrology, v. 293, no. 1-4, p. 191-204, doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2004.01.013.

Battaglin, W.A., Thurman, E.M., Kalkhoff, S.J., and Porter, S.D., 2003,

Herbicides and transformation products in surface waters of the midwestern United States: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 39, no. 4, p. 743-756, doi:10.1111/j.1752-1688.2003.tb04402.x.

Battaglin, W.A., Thurman, E.M., Kolpin, D.W., Scribner, E.A., Sandstrom, M.W., and Kuivila, K.M., 2003,

Work plan for determining the occurrence of glyphosate, its transformation product AMPA, other herbicide compounds, and antibiotics in midwestern United States streams, 2002: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 03-69, 18 p.

Battaglin, W.A., Ulery, R., Welborn, T., and Winterstein, T., 2003,

Susceptibility of surface water in Texas to nonpoint source pesticide contamination, in Kolpin, D., and Williams, J.W., eds., AWRA 2003 Spring Specialty Conference: Agricultural Hydrology and Water Quality, Kansas City, Missouri, May 12-14, 2003: American Water Resources Association, p. on CD-ROM, TPS-03-1, ISBN:1-882132-61-0.

Battaglin, W.A., Ulery, R.L., Winterstein, T., and Welborn, T., 2003,

Estimating the susceptibility of surface water in Texas to nonpoint-source contamination by use of logistic regression modeling: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 03-4205, 24 p.

Kalkhoff, S.J., Lee, K.E., Porter, S.D., Terrio, P.J., and Thurman, E.M., 2003,

Herbicides and herbicide degradation products in upper midwest agricultural streams during August base-flow conditions: Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 32, p. 1025-1035.

Lee, E.A., and Strahan, A.P., 2003,

Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey Organic Geochemistry Research Group--Determination of acetamide herbicides and their degradation products in water using online solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 03-173, 17 p.

Leenheer, J.A., Furlong, E.T., Ferrer, I., and Rostad, C.E., 2003,

Charge characteristics and fragmentation of polycarboxylic acids by electrospray ionization/multistate tandem mass spectrometry (ESI/MS/MS), in Ferrer, I., and Thurman, E.M., eds., Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry, MS/MS and Time of Flight MS--Analysis of Emerging Contaminants (Orlando meeting): American Chemical Society Symposium Series 850, p. 312-324.

Lerch, R.N., Ferrer, I., Thurman, E.M., and Zablotowicz, R.M., 2003,

Identification of trifluralin metabolites in soil using ion-trap LC/MS/MS, in Ferrer, I., and Thurman, E.M., eds., Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry, MS/MS and Time-of-Flight MS--Analysis of Emerging Contaminants: American Chemical Society Symposium Series 850, p. 291-310.

Mast, M.A., Campbell, D.H., Ingersoll, G.P., Foreman, W.T., and Krabbenhoft, D.P., 2003,

Atmospheric deposition of nutrients, pesticides, and mercury in Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado, 2002: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 03-4241 (Online only), 15 p.

Scribner, E.A., Battaglin, W.A., Dietze, J.E., and Thurman, E.M., 2003,

Reconnaissance data for glyphosate, other selected herbicides, their degradation products, and antibiotics in 51 streams in nine Midwestern States, 2002: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 03-217, 101 p.

Thurman, E.M., Ferrer, I., and Furlong, E.T., 2003,

Time-of-flight/mass spectrometry and quadrupole ion trap MS/MS for the discovery of herbicide degradates in groundwater, in Ferrer, I., and Thurman, E.M., eds., Liquid Chromatrography/Mass Spectrometry, MS/MS and Time of Flight MS--Analysis of Emerging Contaminants (Orlando meeting): American Chemical Society Symposium Series 850, p. 128-144.

Ulrich, E.M., Wong, C.S., Rounds, S.A., Van Metre, P.C., Wilson, J.T., Garrison, A.W., and Foreman, W.T., 2003,

Enantiomer fractions of chlordane components in sediment samples from U.S. Geological Survey sites in lakes, rivers and reservoirs: Organohalogen Compounds, v. 62, p. 331-334.

Vargo, J.D., Lee, E.A., and Fuhrman, J.D., 2003,

Interlaboratory comparison and validation of methods for chloroacetanilide and chloroacetamide solid degradates in environmental waters, in Ferrer, I., and Thurman, E.M., eds., Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, MS/MS and Time-of-Flight MS--Analysis of emerging contaminants: American Chemical Society Symposium Series 850, p. 273-290.

Worrall, F., and Kolpin, D.W., 2003,

Direct assessment of groundwater vulnerability from single observations of multiple contaminants: Water Resources Research, v. 39, no. 12, p. 1345-1352, 2002WR001212, doi:10.1029/2002WR001212.

Battaglin, W.A., 2002,

Using ratios of atrazine transformation products to atrazine to determine its source in Midwestern streams, in Kenny, J., ed., Ground Water/Surface Water Interactions, AWRA Summer Specialty Conference Proceedings, Middleburg, Virginia: American Water Resources Association, TPS-02-2, p. 213-218.

Battaglin, W.A., and Fairchild, J., 2002,

Potential toxicity of pesticides measured in midwestern streams to aquatic organisms: Water Science and Technology, v. 45, no. 9, p. 95-103.

Clark, G.M., Broshears, R.E., Hooper, R.P., and Goolsby, D.A., 2002,

Evaluating the influence of source basins on downstream water quality in the Mississippi River: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 38, no. 3, p. 803-818.

Delin, G.N., and Landon, M.K., 2002,

Effects of topography on the transport of agricultural chemicals to groundwater in a sand-plain setting: Hydrogeology Journal, v. 10, no. 4, p. 443-454, doi:10.1007/s10040-002-0208-6.

Fallon, J.D., Tierney, D.P., and Thurman, E.M., 2002,

Movement of atrazine and deethylatrazine through a midwestern reservoir: Journal of the American Water Works Association, v. 94, no. 11, p. 54-66.

Lee, E.A., Strahan, A.P., and Thurman, E.M., 2002,

Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey Organic Geochemistry Research Group - Determination of glyphosate, aminomethylphosphonic acid, and glufosinate in water using online solid-phase extraction and high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 01-454, 13 p.

Lee, E.A., Strahan, A.P., and Thurman, E.M., 2002,

Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey Organic Geochemistry Research Group--Determination of triazine and phenylurea herbicides and their degradation products in water using solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 02-436, 26 p.

Lee, E.A., Zimmerman, L.R., Bhullar, B.S., and Thurman, E.M., 2002,

Linker-assisted immunoassay and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry for the analysis of glyphosate: Analytical Chemistry, v. 74, no. 19, p. 4937-4943, doi:10.1021/ac020208y.

Lin, C.H., Lerch, R.N., Thurman, E.M., Garrett, H.E., and George, M.F., 2002,

Determination of isoxaflutole (balance) and its metabolites in water using solid phase extraction followed by high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet or mass spectrometry: Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, v. 50, no. 21, p. 5816-5824, doi:10.1021/jf025622d.

McDonald, I.R., Warner, K.L., McAnulla, C., Woodall, C.A., Oremland, R.S., and Murrell, J.C., 2002,

A review of bacterial methyl halide degradation--Biochemistry genetics and molecular ecology: Environmental Microbiology, v. 4, no. 4, p. 193-203, doi:10.1046/j.1462-2920.2002.00290.x.

McIsaac, G.F., David, M.B., Gertner, G.Z., and Goolsby, D.A., 2002,

Relating net nitrogen input in the Mississippi River Basin to nitrate flux in the Lower Mississippi River--A comparison of approaches: Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 31, p. 1610-1622.

Schaefer, J.E., Goodwin, K.D., MacDonald, I., Murrell, J.C., and Oremland, R.S., 2002,

Leisingera methylohalidivorans, gen. nov., sp. nov., a marine methylotroph that grows on methyl bromide: International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, v. 52, p. 851-859, doi:10.1099/ijs.0.01960-0.

Thurman, E.M., Ferrer, I., and Parry, R., 2002,

Accurate mass analysis of ethanesulfonic acid degradates of acetochlor and alachlor using high-performance liquid chromatography and time-of-flight mass spectrometry: Journal of Chromatography, v. 957, no. 1, p. 3-9, doi:10.1016/S0021-9673(01)01470-4.

Vandas, S.J., Winter, T.C., and Battaglin, W.A., 2002,

Water and the environment: Alexandria, Virginia, American Geological Institute, 65 p., ISBN:0-922152-63-2.

Verstraeten, I.M., Thurman, E.M., Lindsey, M.E., Lee, E.C., and Smith, R.D., 2002,

Changes in concentrations of triazine and acetamide herbicides by bank filtration. ozonation, and chlorination in a public water supply: Journal of Hydrology, v. 266, p. 190-208, doi:10.1016/S0022-1694(02)00163-4.

Worrall, F., Besien, T., and Kolpin, D.W., 2002,

Groundwater vulnerability--Interactions of chemical and site properties: The Science of the Total Environment, v. 299, p. 131-143, doi:10.1016/S0048-9697(02)00270-X.

Zimmerman, L.R., Schneider, R.J., and Thurman, E.M., 2002,

Analysis and detection of the herbicides dimethenamid and flufenacet and their sulfonic and oxanilic acid degradates in natural water: Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, v. 50, no. 5, p. 1045-1052, doi:10.1021/jf010779b.

Aga, D.S., and Thurman, E.M., 2001,

Formation and transport of the sulfonic acid metabolites of alachlor and metolachlor in soil: Environmental Science and Technology, v. 35, no. 12, p. 2455-2460, doi:10.1021/es991264s.

Battaglin, W.A., Furlong, E.T., and Burkhardt, M.R., 2001,

Concentration of selected sulfonylurea, sulfonamide, and imadazolinone herbicides, other pesticides, and nutrients in 71 streams, 5 reservoir outflows, and 25 wells in the midwestern United States, 1998: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 00-4225, 123 p.

Battaglin, W.A., Kendall, C., Chang, C.C.Y., Silva, S.R., and Campbell, D.H., 2001,

Chemical and isotopic evidence of nitrogen transformation in the Mississippi River, 1997-98: Hydrological Processes, v. 15, no. 7, p. 1285-1300, doi:10.1002/hyp.214.

Battaglin, W.A., Kendall, C., Chang, C.C.Y., Silva, S.R., and Campbell, D.H., 2001,

Isotopic and chemical composition of inorganic and organic water-quality samples from the Mississippi River Basin, 1997-98: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 01-4095, 57 p.

Bergamaschi, B.A., Kuivila, K.M., and Fram, M.S., 2001,

Pesticides associated with suspended sediments entering San Francisco Bay following the first major storm of water year 1996: Estuaries, v. 24, no. 3, p. 368-380.

Burkart, M., Kolpin, D.W., Jaquis, R., and Cole, K., 2001,

Soil characteristics and agrichemicals in groundwater of the midwestern United States: Water Science and Technology, v. 43, no. 5, p. 251-260.

Coupe, R.H., and Thurman, E.M., 2001,

Pesticide concentrations in the Mississippi River--The importance of degradates, in Proceedings of the American Water Resources Association Annual Spring Specialty Conference, April 30-May 2, 2001: p. 147-152.

Goodwin, K.D., Varner, R.K., Crill, P.M., and Oremland, R.S., 2001,

Consumption of troposheric levels of methyl bromide by C1-compound-utilizing bacteria and comparison to saturation kinetics: Applied Environmental Microbiology, v. 67, no. 12, p. 5437-5443, doi:10.1128/AEM.67.12.5437-5443.2001.

Goolsby, D.A., and Battaglin, W.A., 2001,

Long-term changes in concentrations and flux of nitrogen in the Mississippi River basin, USA: Hydrological Processes, v. 15, no. 7, p. 1209-1226, doi:10.1002/hyp.210.

Goolsby, D.A., Battaglin, W.A., Aulenbach, B.T., and Hooper, R.P., 2001,

Nitrogen input to the Gulf of Mexico: Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 30, no. 2, p. 329-336.

Kolpin, D.W., Thurman, E.M., and Linhart, S.M., 2001,

Occurrence of cyanazine compounds in groundwater--Degradates more prevalent than the parent compound: Environmental Science and Technology, v. 35, no. 6, p. 1217-1222, doi:10.1021/es001520x.

Lee, E.A., Kish, J.L., Zimmerman, L.R., and Thurman, E.M., 2001,

Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey Organic Geochemistry Research Group--Update and additions to the determination of chloroacetanilide herbicide degradation compounds in water using high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 01-10, 17 p.

Meyer, M.T., Thurman, E.M., and Goolsby, D.A., 2001,

Differentiating nonpoint sources of deisopropylatrazine in surface water using discrimination diagrams: Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 30, no. 5, p. 1836-1843.

Stackelberg, P.E., Kauffman, L.J., Ayers, M.A., and Baehr, A.L., 2001,

Frequently co-occurring pesticides and volatile organic compounds in public-supply and monitoring wells, southern New Jersey, USA: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 20, no. 4, p. 853-865, doi:10.1897/1551-5028(2001)020<0853:FCOPAV>2.0.CO;2.

Thurman, E.M., and Aga, D.S., 2001,

Detection of pesticides and pesticide metabolites using the cross reactivity in immunoassays: Journal of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists International, v. 84, no. 1, p. 163-167.

Thurman, E.M., Ferrer, I., and Barcelo, D., 2001,

Choosing between atmospheric pressure chemical ionization and electrospray ionization interfaces for the HPLC/MS analysis of pesticides: Analytical Chemistry, v. 73, no. 22, p. 5441-5449, doi:10.1021/ac010506f.

Thurman, E.M., Zimmerman, L.R., Aga, D.S., and Gilliom, R.J., 2001,

Regional water-quality analysis of 2,4-D and dicamba in river water using gas chromatography - isotope dilution mass spectrometry: International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, v. 79, no. 3, p. 185-198.

Woodall, C.A., Warner, K., Oremland, R.S., Murrell, J.C., and McDonald, I.R., 2001,

Identification of methyl halide-utilizing genes in strain IMB-1, a methyl bromide-utilizing bacterium suggests a high degree of conservation of methyl halide-specific genes in gram-negative bacteria: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, v. 67, no. 4, p. 1,959-1,963, doi:10.1128/AEM.67.4.1959-1963.2001.

Worrall, F., 2001,

A molecular topology approach to predicting pesticide pollution of groundwater: Environmental Science and Technology, v. 35, no. 11, p. 2282-2287, doi:10.1021/es001593g.

Zimmerman, L.R., Strahan, A.P., and Thurman, E.M., 2001,

Method of analysis and quality-assurance practices by the U.S. Geological Survey Organic Geochemistry Research Group--Determination of four selected mosquito insecticides and a synergist in water using liquid-liquid extraction and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 01-273, 11 p.

Battaglin, W.A., Furlong, E.T., Burkhardt, M.R., and Peter, C.J., 2000,

Occurrence of sulfonylurea, sulfonamide, imidazolinone, and other herbicides in rivers, reservoirs and ground water in the Midwestern United States, 1998: The Science of the Total Environment, v. 248, no. 2-3, p. 123-133, doi:10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00536-7.

Battaglin, W.A., and Goolsby, D.A., 2000,

Herbicide concentrations in Midwest reservoirs (plus a self-study examination to earn continuing education credit): Crop Decisions, v. 42, no. 3, p. 5-8.

CENR, 2000,

Integrated assessment of hypoxia in the northern Gulf of Mexico: National Science and Technology Council Committee on Environment and Natural Resources, Washington, D.C., 58 p.

Clark, G.M., and Goolsby, D.A., 2000,

Occurrence and load of selected herbicides and metabolites in the lower Mississippi River: The Science of the Total Environment, v. 248, no. 2-3, p. 101-113, doi:10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00534-3.

Coupe, R.H., Manning, M.A., Foreman, W.T., Goolsby, D.A., and Majewski, M.S., 2000,

Occurrence of pesticides in rain and air in urban and agricultural areas of Mississippi, April-September 1995: The Science of the Total Environment, v. 248, no. 2-3, p. 227-240, doi:10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00545-8.

Crepeau, K.L., Baker, L.M., and Kuivila, K.M., 2000,

Method of analysis and quality assurance practices for determination of pesticides in water by solid-phase extraction and capillary-column gas chromatography/mass spectrometry at the U.S. Geological Survey California District organic chemistry laboratory, 1996-1999: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 00-229, 19 p.

Crepeau, K.L., and Kuivila, K.M., 2000,

Rice pesticide concentrations in the Colusa Basin Drain and the Sacramento River, California, 1990-1993: Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 29, p. 926-935.

Ferrer, I., Barcelo, D., and Thurman, E.M., 2000,

First LC/MS determination of cyanazine amide, cyanazine acid, and cyanazine in groundwater samples: Environmental Science and Technology, v. 34, no. 4, p. 714-718, doi:10.1021/es990462g.

Foreman, W.T., Majewski, M.S., Goolsby, D.A., Wiebe, F.W., and Coupe, R.H., 2000,

Pesticides in the atmosphere of the Mississippi River Valley, part II -- air: The Science of the Total Environment, v. 248, no. 2-3, p. 213-226, doi:10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00544-6.

Furlong, E.T., Burkhardt, M.R., Gates, P.M., Werner, S.L., and Battaglin, W.A., 2000,

Routine determination of sulfonylurea, imidazolinone, and sulfonamide herbicides at nanogram-per-liter concentrations by solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry: The Science of the Total Environment, v. 248, no. 2-3, p. 135-146, doi:10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00537-9.

Goolsby, D.A., 2000,

Flow of nitrogen into Mississippi Basin believed to cause Gulf hypoxia: Earth in Space, v. 13, no. 3, p. 6-10.

Goolsby, D.A., 2000,

Mississippi basin nitrogen flux believed to cause Gulf hypoxia: Eos, v. 81, no. 29, p. 321, 326-327.

Goolsby, D.A., and Battaglin, W.A., 2000,

Nitrogen in the Mississippi Basin--Estimating sources and predicting flux to the Gulf of Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 135-00, 6 p.

Goolsby, D.A., Battaglin, W.A., Aulenbach, B.T., and Hooper, R.P., 2000,

Nitrogen flux and sources in the Mississippi River Basin: The Science of the Total Environment, v. 248, no. 2-3, p. 75-86, doi:10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00532-X.

Hostetler, K.A., and Thurman, E.M., 2000,

Determination of chloroacetanilide herbicide metabolites in water using high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection and high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry: The Science of the Total Environment, v. 248, no. 2-3, p. 147-155, doi:10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00538-0.

Kish, J.L., Thurman, E.M., Scribner, E.A., and Zimmerman, L.R., 2000,

Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey Organic Geochemistry Research Group--Determination of selected herbicides and their degradation products in water using solid-phase extraction and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 00-385, 13 p.

Kolpin, D.W., 2000,

Importance of the Mississippi River Basin for investigating agricultural--chemical contamination of the hydrologic cycle: The Science of the Total Environment, v. 248, no. 2-3, p. 71-72, doi:10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00530-6.

Kolpin, D.W., Fischer, E.E., and Schnoebelen, D.J., 2000,

Water-quantity and water-quality aspects of a 500-year flood--Nishnabotna River, southwest Iowa, June 1998: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 00-4025, 6 p.

Kolpin, D.W., Thurman, E.M., and Linhart, S.M., 2000,

Finding minimal herbicide concentrations in ground water? Try looking for their degradates: The Science of the Total Environment, v. 248, no. 2-3, p. 115-122, doi:10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00535-5.

Lawrence, G.B., Goolsby, D.A., Battaglin, W.A., and Stensland, G.J., 2000,

Atmospheric nitrogen in the Mississippi River Basin--emissions, deposition and transport: The Science of the Total Environment, v. 248, no. 2-3, p. 87-99, doi:10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00533-1.

Majewski, M.S., Foreman, W.T., and Goolsby, D.A., 2000,

Pesticides in the atmosphere of the Mississippi River Valley, part I -- rain: The Science of the Total Environment, v. 248, no. 2-3, p. 201-212, doi:10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00543-4.

Meyer, M.T., Bumgarner, J.E., Varns, J.L., Daughtridge, J.V., Thurman, E.M., and Hostetler, K.A., 2000,

Use of radioimmunoassay as a screen for antibiotics in confined animal feeding operations and confirmation by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry: The Science of the Total Environment, v. 248, no. 2-3, p. 181-187, doi:10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00541-0.

Oremland, R.S., Connell, T.L., and Miller, L.G., 2000,

Method for enhancing oxidation of methyl bromide with strain IMB-1 (ATCC200197) during agricultural fumigations: U.S. Patent No. 6,013,254.

Pomes, M.L., Larive, C.K., Thurman, E.M., Green, W.R., Orem, W.H., and Rostad, C.E., 2000,

Sources and haloacetic acid/trihalomethane formation potentials of aquatic humic substances in the Wakarusa River and Clinton Lake near Lawrence, Kansas: Environmental Science and Technology, v. 34, no. 20, p. 4278-4286, doi:10.1021/es991376j.

Schraer, S.M., Shaw, D.R., Boyette, M., Coupe, R.H., and Thurman, E.M., 2000,

Comparison of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and gas chromatography procedures for the detection of cyanazine and metolachlor in surface water samples: Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, v. 48, p. 5881-5886.

Scribner, E.A., Battaglin, W.A., Goolsby, D.A., and Thurman, E.M., 2000,

Changes in herbicide concentrations in Midwestern streams in relation to changes in use, 1989-1998: The Science of the Total Environment, v. 248, no. 2-3, p. 255-263, doi:10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00547-1.

Scribner, E.A., Thurman, E.M., and Zimmerman, L.R., 2000,

Analysis of selected herbicide metabolites in surface and ground water of the United States: The Science of the Total Environment, v. 248, no. 2-3, p. 157-167, doi:10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00539-2.

Stackelberg, P.E., Kauffman, L.J., Baehr, A.L., and Ayers, M.A., 2000,

Comparison of nitrate, pesticides, and volatile organic compounds in samples from monitoring and public-supply wells, Kirkwood-Cohansey aquifer system, southern New Jersey: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 00-4123, 78 p.

Steinheimer, T.R., Pfeiffer, R.L., Scoggin, K.D., and Battaglin, W.A., 2000,

Reconnaissance survey of sulfonamide, sulfonylurea and imidazolinone herbicides in surface streams and groundwater of the Midwestern United States, in Steinheimer, T.R., Ross, L.J., and Spittler, T.D., eds., Agrochemical Fate and Movement--Perspective and Scale of Study: American Chemical Society Symposium series 751, p. 248-271.

Tauler, R., Bercelo, D., and Thurman, E.M., 2000,

Multivariate correlation between concentrations of selected herbicides and derivatives in outflows from selected U.S. midwestern reservoirs: Environmental Science and Technology, v. 34, no. 16, p. 3307-3314, doi:10.1021/es000884m.

Thurman, E.M., Bastian, K.C., and Mollhagen, T., 2000,

Occurrence of cotton herbicides and insecticides in playa lakes of the High Plains of West Texas: The Science of the Total Environment, v. 248, no. 2-3, p. 189-200, doi:10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00542-2.

Thurman, E.M., and Cromwell, A.E., 2000,

Atmospheric transport, deposition, and fate of triazine herbicides and their metabolites in pristine areas at Isle Royale National Park: Environmental Science and Technology, v. 34, no. 15, p. 3079-3085, doi:10.1021/es000995l.

Thurman, E.M., and Snavely, K., 2000,

Advances in solid-phase extraction disks for environmental chemistry: Trends in Analytical Chemistry, v. 19, no. 1, p. 18-26.

Zimmerman, L.R., Hostetler, K.A., and Thurman, E.M., 2000,

Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey Organic Geochemistry Research Group--Determination of chloroacetanilide herbicide metabolites in water using high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection and high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 00-182, 30 p.

Zimmerman, L.R., Thurman, E.M., and Bastian, K.C., 2000,

Detection of persistent organic pollutants in the Mississippi Delta using semipermeable membrane devices: The Science of the Total Environment, v. 248, no. 2-3, p. 169-179, doi:10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00540-9.

Battaglin, W.A., Furlong, E.T., Burkhardt, M.R., and Peter, C.J., 1999,

Occurrence of sulfonylurea, imidazolinone, and other herbicides in midwestern rivers, reservoirs, and ground water, 1998, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Buxton, H.T., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the Technical Meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999--Volume 2 of 3--Contamination of Hydrologic Systems and Related Ecosystems: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4018B, p. 215-225.

Battaglin, W.A., and Goolsby, D.A., 1999,

Are shifts in herbicide use reflected in concentration changes in midwestern rivers?: Environmental Science and Technology, v. 33, no. 17, p. 2917-2925, doi:10.1021/es9900149.

Bergamaschi, B.A., Baston, D.S., Crepeau, K.L., and Kuivila, K.M., 1999,

Determination of pesticides associated with suspended sediments in the San Joaquin River, California, USA, using gas-chromatography-ion trap mass spectrometry: Toxicological and Environmental Chemistry, v. 69, p. 305-319.

Bergamaschi, B.A., Kuivila, K.M., and Fram, M.S., 1999,

Pesticides associated with suspended sediments in the San Francisco Bay during the first flush, December 1995, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Buxton, H.T., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the Technical Meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999--Volume 2 of 3--Contamination of Hydrologic Systems and Related Ecosystems: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4018B, p. 23-33.

Boyd, R.A., 1999,

Herbicides and herbicide degradates in shallow ground water and the Cedar River near a municipal well field, Cedar Rapids, Iowa, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Buxton, H.T., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the Technical Meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999--Volume 2 of 3--Contamination of Hydrologic Systems and Related Ecosystems: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4018B, p. 289-300.

Burkart, M.R., Kolpin, D.W., and James, D.E., 1999,

Assessing groundwater vulnerability to agrichemical contamination in the midwest U.S.: Water Science and Technology, v. 39, no. 3, p. 103-112.

Burkart, M.R., Kolpin, D.W., Jaquis, R.J., and Cole, K.J., 1999,

Agrichemicals in ground water of the Midwestern USA--Relations to soil characteristics: Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 28, no. 6, p. 1908-1915.

Clark, G.M., and Goolsby, D.A., 1999,

Discharge of herbicides from the Mississippi River Basin to the Gulf of Mexico, 1991-97: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet FS-163-98, 4 p.

Clark, G.M., and Goolsby, D.A., 1999,

Occurrence and transport of acetochlor in streams of the Mississippi River Basin: Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 28, no. 6, p. 1787-1795.

Clark, G.M., and Goolsby, D.A., 1999,

Trends in annual herbicide loads from the Mississippi River Basin to the Gulf of Mexico, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Buxton, H.T., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the Technical Meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999--Volume 2 of 3--Contamination of Hydrologic Systems and Related Ecosystems: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4018B, p. 237-246.

Clark, G.M., Goolsby, D.A., and Battaglin, W.A., 1999,

Seasonal and annual load of herbicides from the Mississippi River Basin to the Gulf of Mexico: Environmental Science and Technology, v. 33, no. 7, p. 981-986, doi:10.1021/es980962u.

Coupe, R.H., Manning, M.A., Foreman, W.T., Goolsby, D.A., and Majewski, M.S., 1999,

Occurrence of pesticides in rain and air in urban and agricultural areas of Mississippi, April-September 1995, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Buxton, H.T., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the Technical Meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999--Volume 2 of 3--Contamination of Hydrologic Systems and Related Ecosystems: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4018B, p. 301-312.

Eckhardt, D.A.V., Kappel, W.M., Coon, W.F., and Phillips, P.J., 1999,

Herbicides and their metabolites in Cayuga Lake and its tributaries, New York, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Buxton, H.T., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the Technical Meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999--Volume 2 of 3--Contamination of Hydrologic Systems and Related Ecosystems: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4018B, p. 395-403.

Edmunds, J.L., Kuivila, K.M., Cole, B.E., and Cloern, J.E., 1999,

Do herbicides impair phytoplankton primary production in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta?, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Buxton, H.T., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the Technical Meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999--Volume 2 of 3--Contamination of Hydrologic Systems and Related Ecosystems: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4018B, p. 81-87.

Fairchild, J.F., Sappington, L.C., and Ruessler, D.S., 1999,

An ecological risk assessment of the potential for herbicide impacts on primary productivity of the Lower Missouri River, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Buxton, H.T., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the Technical Meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999--Volume 2 of 3--Contamination of Hydrologic Systems and Related Ecosystems: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4018B, p. 323-330.

Ferrer, I., Barcelo, D., and Thurman, E.M., 1999,

Double-disk solid-phase extraction--Simultaneous cleanup and trace enrichment of herbicides and metabolites from environmental samples: Analytical Chemistry, v. 71, no. 5, p. 1009-1015, doi:10.1021/ac980975q.

Foreman, W.T., Majewski, M.S., Goolsby, D.A., Wiebe, F.W., and Coupe, R.H., 1999,

Pesticides in the atmosphere of the Mississippi River Valley, Part II--Air, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Buxton, H.T., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the Technical Meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999--Volume 2 of 3--Contamination of Hydrologic Systems and Related Ecosystems: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4018B, p. 263-274.

Furlong, E.T., Burkhardt, M.R., Gates, P.M., Werner, S.L., and Battaglin, W.A., 1999,

Routine determination of sulfonylurea, imidazolinone, and sulfonamide herbicides at nanogram-per-liter concentrations by solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Buxton, H.T., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the Technical Meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999--Volume 2 of 3--Contamination of Hydrologic Systems and Related Ecosystems: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4018B, p. 275-288.

Goolsby, D.A., Battaglin, W.A., Aulenbach, B.T., and Hooper, R.P., 1999,

Nitrogen flux and sources in the Mississippi River Basin, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Buxton, H.T., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the Technical Meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999--Volume 2 of 3--Contamination of Hydrologic Systems and Related Ecosystems: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4018B, p. 203-213.

Goolsby, D.A., Battaglin, W.A., Lawrence, G.B., Artz, R.S., Aulenbach, B.T., Hooper, R.P., Keeney, D.R., and Stensland, G.J., 1999,

Flux and sources of nutrients in the Mississippi-Atchafalaya River Basin--Topic 3, Report for the integrated assessment on hypoxia in the Gulf of Mexico: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration NOAA Coastal Ocean Program Decision Analysis Series No. 17, 129 p.

Graham, W.H., Graham, D.W., Denoyelles Jr., F., Smith, V.H., Larive, C.K., and Thurman, E.M., 1999,

Metolachlor and alachlor breakdown product formation patterns in aquatic field mesocosms: Environmental Science and Technology, v. 33, no. 24, p. 4471-4476, doi:10.1021/es990686z.

Hostetler, K.A., and Thurman, E.M., 1999,

Determination of chloroacetanilide herbicide metabolites in water using high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection and high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Buxton, H.T., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the Technical Meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999--Volume 2 of 3--Contamination of Hydrologic Systems and Related Ecosystems: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4018B, p. 345-353.

Kendall, C., Battaglin, W.A., Cabana, G., Chang, C.C., Silva, S.R., Porter, S.D., Goolsby, D.A., Campbell, D.H., Hooper, R.P., and Schmitt, C.J., 1999,

Isotopic tracing of nitrogen sources and cycling in the Mississippi River Basin, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Buxton, H.T., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the Technical Meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999--Volume 2 of 3--Contamination of Hydrologic Systems and Related Ecosystems: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4018B, p. 339-343.

Kolpin, D.W., Burkart, M.R., and Goolsby, D.A., 1999,

Nitrate in groundwater of the Midwestern United States--A regional investigation on relations to land use and soil properties: International Association of Hydrological Sciences (IAHS) Publication no. 257, p. 111-116.

Kolpin, D.W., Thurman, E.M., and Linhart, S.M., 1999,

Finding minimal herbicide concentrations in ground water? Try looking for the degradates, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Buxton, H.T., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the Technical Meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999--Volume 2 of 3--Contamination of Hydrologic Systems and Related Ecosystems: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4018B, p. 247-254.

Kuivila, K.M., 1999,

Studies relating pesticide concentrations to potential effects on aquatic organisms in the San Francisco Bay-Estuary, California, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Buxton, H.T., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the Technical Meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999--Volume 2 of 3--Contamination of Hydrologic Systems and Related Ecosystems: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4018B, p. 11-16.

Kuivila, K.M., Barnett, H.D., and Edmunds, J.L., 1999,

Herbicide concentrations in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, California, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Buxton, H.T., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the Technical Meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999--Volume 2 of 3--Contamination of Hydrologic Systems and Related Ecosystems: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4018B, p. 69-79.

Lawrence, G.B., Goolsby, D.A., and Battaglin, W.A., 1999,

Atmospheric deposition of nitrogen in the Mississippi River Basin, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Buxton, H.T., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the Technical Meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999--Volume 2 of 3--Contamination of Hydrologic Systems and Related Ecosystems: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4018B, p. 331-337.

Lerch, R.N., Thurman, E.M., and Blanchard, P.E., 1999,

Hydroxyatrazine in soils and sediments: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 18, no. 10, p. 2161-2168, doi:10.1897/1551-5028(1999)018<2161:HISAS>2.3.CO;2.

Majewski, M.S., Foreman, W.T., and Goolsby, D.A., 1999,

Pesticides in the atmosphere of the Mississippi River Valley, Part I--Rain, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Buxton, H.T., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the Technical Meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999--Volume 2 of 3--Contamination of Hydrologic Systems and Related Ecosystems: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4018B, p. 255-261.

Phillips, P.J., Wall, G.R., Thurman, E.M., Eckhardt, D.A., and Vanhoesen, J., 1999,

Metolachlor and its metabolites in tile drain and stream runoff in the Canajoharie Creek watershed: Environmental Science and Technology, v. 33, no. 20, p. 3531-3537, doi:10.1021/es9811997.

Schaefer, J.K., and Oremland, R.S., 1999,

Oxidation of methyl halides by the facultative methlotroph strain IMB-1: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, v. 65, no. 11, p. 5035-5041.

Scribner, E.A., Battaglin, W.A., Goolsby, D.A., and Thurman, E.M., 1999,

Changes in herbicide concentrations in midwestern streams in relation to changes in use, 1989-98, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Buxton, H.T., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the Technical Meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999--Volume 2 of 3--Contamination of Hydrologic Systems and Related Ecosystems: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4018B, p. 313-321.

Scribner, E.A., Thurman, E.M., and Zimmerman, L.R., 1999,

Analysis of selected herbicide metabolites in surface and ground water of the United States, in Daniel, B.J., ed., Proceedings of the Twenty-ninth Mississippi Water Resources Conference, Raymond, Mississippi, April 7-8, 1999: Mississippi Water Resources Research Institute, p. 110-119.

Scribner, E.A., Thurman, E.M., and Zimmerman, L.R., 1999,

Analysis of selected herbicide metabolites in surface and ground water of the United States, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Buxton, H.T., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the Technical Meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999--Volume 2 of 3--Contamination of Hydrologic Systems and Related Ecosystems: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4018B, p. 355-365.

Starner, K., Kuivila, K.M., Jennings, B.M., and Moon, G.E., 1999,

Degradation rates of six pesticides in water from the Sacramento River, California, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Buxton, H.T., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the Technical Meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999--Volume 2 of 3--Contamination of Hydrologic Systems and Related Ecosystems: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4018B, p. 89-97.

Thurman, E.M., Bastian, K.C., and Mollhagen, T., 1999,

Occurrence of cotton herbicides and insecticides in playa lakes of the High Plains of West Texas, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Buxton, H.T., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the Technical Meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999--Volume 2 of 3--Contamination of Hydrologic Systems and Related Ecosystems: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4018B, p. 227-236.

Venkatesan, M.I., de Leon, R.P., van Geen, A., and Luoma, S.N., 1999,

Chlorinated hydrocarbon pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls in sediment cores from San Francisco Bay, in The impact of human activities on sediments of San Francisco Bay, California, van Geen, A., and Luoma, S.N., eds.,: Marine Chemistry, v. 64, no. 1-2, p. 85-97, doi:10.1016/S0304-4203(98)90086-X.

Verstraeten, I.M., Carr, J.D., Steele, G.V., Thurman, E.M., Bastian, K.C., and Dormedy, D.F., 1999,

Surface water/ground water interaction--Herbicide transport into municipal collector wells: Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 28, no. 5, p. 1396-1405.

Zimmerman, L.R., and Thurman, E.M., 1999,

Method of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey Organic Geochemistry Research Group--Determination of triazine and chloroacetanilide herbicides in water by solid-phase extraction and capillary-column gas chromatography/mass spectrometry with selected-ion monitoring: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-634, 21 p.

Zimmerman, L.R., Thurman, E.M., and Bastian, K.C., 1999,

Detection of persistent organic pollutants in the Mississippi Delta using semipermeable membrane devices, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Buxton, H.T., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the Technical Meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999--Volume 2 of 3--Contamination of Hydrologic Systems and Related Ecosystems: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4018B, p. 367-379.

Bastian, K.C., Thurman, E.M., and Rebich, R.A., 1998,

Comparison of enzyme-linked immunoassay with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry for analysis of the cotton herbicide fluometuron, in 28th Mississippi Water Resources Conference, Proceedings, Raymond, Mississippi, April 7-8, 1998: Starkville, Miss., Mississippi State University, p. 45-55.

Battaglin, W.A., Furlong, E.T., and Peter, C.J., 1998,

A reconnaissance for new, low-application rate herbicides in surface and ground water in the Midwestern United States, in Proceedings of the National Water Quality Monitoring Council (NWQMC) National Conference, Monitoring--Critical Foundations to Protect Our Waters, Reno, Nevada, July 7-9, 1998: Washington, D.C., U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, p. 245-256.

Battaglin, W.A., Furlong, E.T., and Peter, C.J., 1998,

A reconnaissance for sulfonylurea herbicides in waters of the Midwestern USA: An example of collaboration between the public and private sectors: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet FS-046-98, 4 p.

Battaglin, W.A., and Goolsby, D.A., 1998,

Regression models of herbicide concentrations in outflow from reservoirs in the midwestern USA, 1992-1993: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 34, no. 6, p. 1369-1390, doi:10.1111/j.1752-1688.1998.tb05438.x.

Chiou, C.T., 1998,

Soil sorption of organic pollutants and pesticides, in Meyers, R.A., ed., Encyclopedia of Environmental Analysis and Remediation: New York, John Wiley, p. 4517-4554.

Connell Hancock, T.L., Costello, A.M., Lidstrom, M.E., and Oremland, R.S., 1998,

Strain IMB-1--A novel bacterium for the removal of methyl bromide in fumigated agricultural soils: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, v. 64, no. 8, p. 2899-2563.

Coupe, R.H., Manning, M.A., Foreman, W.T., Goolsby, D.A., and Majewski, M.S., 1998,

Occurrence of pesticides in air and rain in urban and agricultural areas of Mississippi, April-September 1995, in Daniel, J., ed., Proceedings of the 28th Mississippi Water Resources Conference, Raymond, Mississippi, April 7-8, 1998: Starkville, Mississippi, Mississippi Water Resources Institue, p. 106-116.

Coupe, R.H., Thurman, E.M., and Zimmerman, L.R., 1998,

Relation of usage to the occurrence of cotton and rice herbicides in three streams of the Mississippi Delta: Environmental Science and Technology, v. 32, no. 23, p. 3673-3680, doi:10.1021/es980342t.

Dombrowski, T.R., Wilson, G.S., and Thurman, E.M., 1998,

Investigation of anion-exchange and immunoaffinity particle-loaded membranes for the isolation of charged organic analytes from water: Analytical Chemistry, v. 70, no. 9, p. 1969-1978, doi:10.1021/ac971081t.

Goodwin, K.D., Schaefer, J.K., and Oremland, R.S., 1998,

Bacterial oxidation of dibromomethane and methyl bromide in natural waters and enrichment cultures: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, v. 64, no. 12, p. 4629-4636.

Goolsby, D.A., Hooper, R.P., and Battaglin, W.A., 1998,

Sources and transport of nitrogen in the Mississippi River Basin, in Proceedings "From the Corn Belt to the Gulf...Agriculture and Hypoxia in the Mississippi River Watershed," American Farm Bureau Federation Workshop, St Louis, Missouri, July 14-15, 1997: St Louis, Missouri, American Farm Bureau Federation, p. 59-64 (document has no page numbers).

Kalkhoff, S.J., Kolpin, D.W., Thurman, E.M., Ferrer, I., and Barcelo, D., 1998,

Degradation of chloroacetanilide herbicides--The prevalence of sulfonic and oxanilic acid metabolites in Iowa ground and surface waters: Environmental Science and Technology, v. 32, no. 11, p. 1738-1740, doi:10.1021/es971138t.

Kolpin, D.W., Stamer, J.K., Goolsby, D.A., and Thurman, E.M., 1998,

Herbicides in ground water of the Midwest--A regional study of shallow aquifers, 1991-94: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet FS-076-98, 4 p.

Kolpin, D.W., Thurman, E.M., and Linhart, S.M., 1998,

The environmental occurrence of herbicides--The importance of degradates in ground water: Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 35, no. 3, p. 385-390, doi:10.1007/s002449900392.

Lerch, R.N., Blanchard, P.E., and Thurman, E.M., 1998,

Contribution of hydroxylated atrazine degradation products to the total atrazine load in midwestern streams: Environmental Science and Technology, v. 32, no. 1, p. 40-48, doi:10.1021/es970447g.

Majewski, M.S., Foreman, W.F., Goolsby, D.A., and Nakagaki, N., 1998,

Airborne pesticide residues along the Mississippi River: Environmental Science and Technology, v. 32, no. 23, p. 3689-3698, doi:10.1021/es9802403.

Pereira, W.E., Hostettler, F.D., van Geen, A., Fuller, C.C., and Anima, R., 1998,

Distributions and fate of chlorinated pesticides, biomarkers and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sediments along a contamination gradient from a point-source in San Francisco Bay, California, 1996: Marine Environmental Research, v. 41, no. 3, p. 299-314.

Pomes, M.L., Thurman, E.M., Aga, D.S., and Goolsby, D.A., 1998,

Evaluation of microtiter-plate enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the analysis of triazine and chloroacetanilide herbicides in rainfall: Environmental Science and Technology, v. 32, no. 1, p. 163-168, doi:10.1021/es970462l.

Scribner, E.A., Goolsby, D.A., Thurman, E.M., and Battaglin, W.A., 1998,

A reconnaissance for selected herbicides and nutrients in streams of nine Midwestern States, 1994-95: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-181, 44 p.

Stamer, J.K., Battaglin, W.A., and Goolsby, D.A., 1998,

Herbicides in Midwestern reservoir outflows, 1992-93: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet FS-134-98, 4 p.

Stamer, J.K., Goolsby, D.A., and Thurman, E.M., 1998,

Herbicides in rain fall across the Midwestern and Northeastern United States, 1990-91: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet FS-181-97, 4 p.

Thurman, E.M., Kolpin, D.W., Goolsby, D.A., and Meyer, M.T., 1998,

Source and transport of desethylatrazine and desisopropylatrazine to groundwater of the midwestern United States, in Ballantine, L.G., McFarland, J.E., and Hackett, D.S., eds., Triazine Herbicides Risk Assessment: Washington, D.C., American Chemical Society ACS Symposium Series 683, p. 189-207.

Thurman, E.M., Zimmerman, L.R., Scribner, E.A., and Coupe, R.H., Jr., 1998,

Occurrence of cotton pesticides in surface water of the Mississippi Embayment: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet FS-022-98, 4 p.

Aga, D.S., and Thurman, E.M., 1997,

Environmental Immunoassays--Alternative techniques for soil and water analysis, in Aga, D.S., and Thurman, E.M., eds., Immunochemical technology for environmental applications: Washington D.C., American Chemical Society ACS Symposium Series 657, p. 1-20.

Aga, D.S., and Thurman, E.M., eds., 1997,

Immunochemical technology for environmental applications: American Chemical Society ACS Symposium Series 657, 396 p.

Battaglin, W.A., and Goolsby, D.A., 1997,

Statistical modeling of agricultural chemical occurrence in midwestern rivers: Journal of Hydrology, v. 196, no. 1-4, p. 1-25, doi:10.1016/S0022-1694(97)00011-5.

Battaglin, W.A., Kendall, C., Goolsby, D.A., and Boyer, L.L., 1997,

Plan of study to determine if the isotopic ratios ?15N and ?18O can reveal the sources of nitrate discharged by the Mississippi River into the Gulf of Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-230, 18 p.

Connell, T.L., Joye, S.B., Miller, L.G., and Oremland, R.S., 1997,

Bacterial oxidation of methyl bromide in Mono Lake, California: Environmental Science and Technology, v. 31, no. 5, p. 1489-1495, doi:10.1021/es960732k.

Dankwardt, A., Thurman, E.M., and Hock, B., 1997,

Terbuthylazine and deethylterbuthylazine in rain and surface water--Determination by enzyme immunoassay and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry: Acta Hydrochimica et Hydrobiologica, v. 1, p. 5-10.

Delin, G.N., Landon, M.K., Nelson, K.J., Wanty, R.B., Healy, R.W., Olsen, H.W., Böhlke, J.K., Schroyer, B.R., and Capel, P.D., 1997,

Hydrogeologic and water-quality data used to evaluate the effects of focused recharge ground-water quality near Princeton, Minnesota, 1991-95: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-21, 30 p.

Dombrowski, T.R., Thurman, E.M., and Mohrman, G.B., 1997,

Evaluation of immunoassay for the determination of pesticides at a large-scale groundwater contamination site, in Aga, D.S., and Thurman, E.M., eds., Immunochemical technology for environmental applications: Washington D.C., American Chemical Society ACS Symposium Series 657, p. 221-233.

Ferrer, I., Thurman, E.M., and Barcelo, D., 1997,

Identification of ionic chloroacetanilide-herbicide metabolites in surface water and groundwater by HPLC/MS using negative ion spray: Analytical Chemistry, v. 69, no. 22, p. 4547-4553, doi:10.1021/ac9704671.

Goodwin, K.D., Lidstrom, M.E., and Oremland, R.S., 1997,

Marine bacterial degradation of brominated methanes: Environmental Science and Technology, v. 31, no. 11, p. 3188-3192, doi:10.1021/es970165g.

Goolsby, D.A., Battaglin, W.A., and Hooper, R.P., 1997,

Sources and transport of nitrogen in the Mississippi River Basin, in From the Corn Belt to the Gulf--Agriculture and Hypoxia in the Mississippi River Watershed, Proceedings, St. Louis, Mo., July 14-15, 1997: American Farm Bureau Federation, p. 6.

Goolsby, D.A., Thurman, E.M., Pomes, M.L., Meyer, M.T., and Battaglin, W.A., 1997,

Herbicides and their metabolites in rainfall--Origin, transport, and deposition patterns across the midwestern and northeastern United States, 1990-1991: Environmental Science and Technology, v. 31, no. 5, p. 1325-1333, doi:10.1021/es960847o.

Juracek, K.E., and Thurman, E.M., 1997,

Assessing aquifer contamination risk using immunoassay--Tracer analysis of atrazine in unsaturated zone sediment: Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 26, p. 1080-1089.

Kolpin, D.W., 1997,

Agricultural chemicals in groundwater of the midwestern United States--Relations to land use: Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 26, no. 4, p. 1025-1037.

Kolpin, D.W., Hallberg, G., Sneck-Fahrer, D.A., and Libra, R., 1997,

Agricultural chemicals in Iowa's ground water, 1982-95 -- What are the trends: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet FS-116-97, 4 p.

Kolpin, D.W., Kalkhoff, S.J., Goolsby, D.A., Sneck-Fahrer, D.A., and Thurman, E.M., 1997,

Occurrence of selected herbicides and herbicide degradation products in Iowa's ground water, 1995: Ground Water, v. 35, no. 4, p. 679-688.

Kolpin, D.W., Sneck-Fahrer, D.A., Hallberg, G.R., and Libra, R.D., 1997,

Temporal trends of selected agricultural chemicals in Iowa's groundwater, 1982-1995--Are things getting better?: Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 26, no. 4, p. 1007-1017.

Landon, M.K., Delin, G.N., Nelson, K.J., Regan, C.P., Lamb, J.A., Larson, S.J., Capel, P.D., Anderson, J.L., and Dowdy, R.H., 1997,

Water-quality and hydrogeologic data used to evaluate the effects of farming systems on ground-water quality at the Management Systems Evaluation Area near Princeton, Minnesota, 1991-95: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-22, 31 p.

Lerch, R.N., Thurman, E.M., and Kruger, E.L., 1997,

Mixed-mode sorption of hydroxylated atrazine degradation products to soil--A mechanism for bound residue: Environmental Science and Technology, v. 31, no. 5, p. 1539-1546, doi:10.1021/es960811w.

Liu, S., Lu, J., Kolpin, D.W., and Meeker, W.Q., 1997,

Analysis of environmental data with censored observations: Environmental Science and Technology, v. 31, no. 12, p. 3358-3362, doi:10.1021/es960695x.

Miller, L.G., Connell, T.L., Guidetti, J.R., and Oremland, R.S., 1997,

Bacterial oxidation of methyl bromide in fumigated agricultural soils: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, v. 63, no. 11, p. 4346-4354.

Morton, M.D., Walters, F.H., Aga, D.S., Thurman, E.M., and Larive, C.K., 1997,

Nuclear magnetic resonance identification of new solfonic acid metabolites of chloroacetanilide herbicides: Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, v. 45, no. 4, p. 1240-1243, doi:10.1021/jf960453g.

Mueller, D.K., Ruddy, B.C., and Battaglin, W.A., 1997,

Logistic model of nitrate in streams of the upper-midwestern United States: Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 26, no. 5, p. 1223-1230.

Pinsky, P., Lorber, M., Johnson, K., Kross, B., Burmeister, L., Wilkins, A., Hallberg, G., and Thurman, M., 1997,

A study of the temporal variability of atrazine in private well water. Part II--Analysis of data: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, v. 47, no. 2, p. 197-221, doi:10.1023/A:1005704920640.

Pomes, M.L., Green, W.R., Thurman, E.M., Orem, W.H., and Lerch, H.T., 1997,

Source characterization of disinfection byproduct precursors in two Arkansas water-supply reservoirs: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 118-97, 4 p.

Thurman, E.M., and Fallon, J.D., 1997,

The deethylatrazine/atrazine ratio as an indicator of the onset of the spring flush of herbicides into surface water of the midwestern United States: International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, v. 65, p. 203-214.

Aga, D.S., Thurman, E.M., and Pomes, M.L., 1996,

Measurement of concentrations of alachlor and its ethanesulfonic acid metabolite in water by solid-phase extraction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Aronson, D.A., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the technical meeting, Colorado Springs, Colorado, September 20-24, 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4015, v. 1, p. 385-392.

Aga, D.S., Thurman, E.M., Yockel, M.E., Zimmerman, L.R., and Williams, T.D., 1996,

Identification of a new sulfonic acid metabolite of metolachlor in soil: Environmental Science and Technology, v. 30, no. 2, p. 592-597, doi:10.1021/es9503600.

Antweiler, R.C., Goolsby, D.A., and Taylor, H.E., 1996,

Nutrients in the Mississippi River, 1987-92, in Meade, R.H., ed., Contaminants in the Mississippi River: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1133, p. 73-85.

Battaglin, W.A., and Goolsby, D.A., 1996,

Using GIS and logistic regression to estimate agricultural chemical concentrations in rivers of the midwestern USA, in Kovar, K., and Nachtnebel, H., eds., Application of Geographic Information Systems in Hydrology and Water Resources Management--Proceedings of HydroGIS'96 meeting, Vienna, Austria, April, 1996: International Association of Hydrological Sciences IAHS Publication No. 235, p. 253-260.

Battaglin, W.A., and Goolsby, D.A., 1996,

Using GIS and regression to estimate annual herbicide concentrations in outflow from reservoirs in the midwestern USA, 1992-93, in AWRA Symposium on GIS and Water Resources, Ft. Lauderdale, FL, September 22-26, 1996: American Water Resources Association.

Battaglin, W.A., and Goolsby, D.A., 1996,

Using GIS and regression to estimate annual herbicide concentrations in outflow from reservoirs in the midwestern USA, 1992-93, in Hallam, C.A., Salisbury, H.M., Lanfear, K.J., and Battaglin, W.A., eds., GIS and Water Resources--Proceedings of the American Water Resources Association: American Water Resources Association Technical Publication Series TPS-96-3, p. 89-98.

Battaglin, W.A., Goolsby, D.A., and Coupe, R.H., 1996,

Annual use and transport of agricultural chemicals in the Mississippi River, 1991-92, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Aronson, D.A., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the technical meeting, Colorado Springs, Colorado, September 20-24, 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4015, v. 1, p. 429-440.

Battaglin, W.A., and Hay, L.E., 1996,

Effects of sampling strategies on estimates of annual mean herbicide concentrations in midwestern rivers: Environmental Science and Technology, v. 30, no. 3, p. 889-896, doi:10.1021/es950351r.

Bosch, D.D., Leonard, R.A., and Hubbard, R.K., 1996,

Unsaturated zone transport at the Plains, Georgia field site, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Aronson, D.A., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the technical meeting, Colorado Springs, Colorado, September 20-24, 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4015, v. 2, p. 965-969.

Crepeau, K.L., Kuivila, K.M., and Domagalski, J.L., 1996,

Concentrations of dissolved rice pesticides in the Colusa Basin Drain and Sacramento River, California, 1990-92, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Aronson, D.A., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the technical meeting, Colorado Springs, Colorado, September 20-24, 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4015, v. 2, p. 711-718.

Cromwell, A.E., and Thurman, E.M., 1996,

Atrazine transport and degradation in a pristine watershed--The fate of atrazine deposited by precipitation, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Aronson, D.A., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the technical meeting, Colorado Springs, Colorado, September 20-24, 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4015, v. 1, p. 423-428.

Delin, G.N., and Landon, M.K., 1996,

Effects of topography on the transport of agricultural chemicals near Princeton, Minnesota, 1992, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Aronson, D.A., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the technical meeting, Colorado Springs, Colorado, September 20-24, 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4015, v. 1, p. 555-564.

Dombrowski, T.R., Thurman, E.M., and Mohrman, G.B., 1996,

A first application of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for screening cyclodiene insecticides in ground water, in Van Emon, J.M., Gerlach, C.L., and Johnson, J.C., eds., Environmental immunochemical methods: Washington, D.C., American Chemical Society ACS Symposium Series 646, p. 170-182.

Druliner, A.D., Goolsby, D.A., and Meyer, M., 1996,

Temporal distributions of herbicide and nitrite-nitrate concentrations and loads in the West Fork of the Big Blue River, Nebraska, 1990 and 1991-92, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Aronson, D.A., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the technical meeting, Colorado Springs, Colorado, September 20-24, 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4015, v. 1, p. 479-485.

Druliner, A.D., and McGrath, T.S., 1996,

Predicting nitrate-nitrogen and atrazine contamination in the High Plains aquifer in Nebraska, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Aronson, D.A., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the technical meeting, Colorado Springs, Colorado, September 20-24, 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4015, v. 1, p. 515-524.

Eckhardt, D.A., Wagenet, R.J., Thurman, E.M., and Barnes, P.L., 1996,

Fate of alachlor, atrazine, and bromide in a corn plot near Topeka, Kansas, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Aronson, D.A., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the technical meeting, Colorado Springs, Colorado, September 20-24, 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4015, v. 1, p. 535-541.

Fallon, J.D., and Thurman, E.M., 1996,

Determining the relative age, transport, and three-dimensional distribution of atrazine in a reservoir using immunoassay, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Aronson, D.A., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the technical meeting, Colorado Springs, Colorado, September 20-24, 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4015, v. 1, p. 499-504.

Goolsby, D.A., Battaglin, W.A., Fallon, J.D., Aga, D.S., Kolpin, D.W., and Thurman, E.M., 1996,

Persistence of herbicides in selected reservoirs in the midwestern United States--Some preliminary results: Iowa Groundwater Quarterly, v. 7, no. 2, p. 11-16 (reprinted from U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 93-418).

Goolsby, D.A., Battaglin, W.A., Fallon, J.D., Aga, D.S., Koplin, D.W., and Thurman, E.M., 1996,

Persistence of herbicides in selected reservoirs in the Midwestern United States--Some preliminary results, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Aronson, D.A., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the technical meeting, Colorado Springs, Colorado, September 20-24, 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4015, v. 1, p. 487-497.

Goolsby, D.A., and Pereira, W.E., 1996,

Pesticides in the Mississippi River, in Meade, R.H., ed., Contaminants in the Mississippi River: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1133, p. 86-101.

Goolsby, D.A., Thurman, E.M., Pomes, M.L., Meyer, M., and Battaglin, W.A., 1996,

Occurrence, deposition, and long range transport of herbicides in precipitation in the Midwestern and Northeastern United States, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Aronson, D.A., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the technical meeting, Colorado Springs, Colorado, September 20-24, 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4015, v. 1, p. 411-421.

Harvey, C.A., Kolpin, D.W., and Battaglin, W.A., 1996,

Use of geographic information systems and scanning technology to create high-resolution historical land-use data sets: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4100, 41 p.

Hay, L.E., and Battaglin, W.A., 1996,

A visual/interactive method for examining the National Stream Quality Accounting Network (NASQAN) data--Proceedings of Watershed'96, in, Baltimore, Md., June 8-12, 1996: p. 317-319.

Hicks, D.W., McConnell, J.B., Persinger, H.H., Scholz, J.D., and Hubbard, R.K., 1996,

Two-dimensional distribution of a bromide tracer in the unsaturated zone at the Plains, Georgia, research site, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Aronson, D.A., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the technical meeting, Colorado Springs, Colorado, September 20-24, 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4015, v. 2, p. 971-982.

Hubbard, R.K., Bosch, D.D., Leonard, R.A., and Hicks, D.W., 1996,

Spatial variability of soil properties affecting chemical transport at the Plains, Georgia, research site, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Aronson, D.A., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the technical meeting, Colorado Springs, Colorado, September 20-24, 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4015, v. 2, p. 983-992.

Johnson, G.P., and Coupe, R.H., 1996,

Transport and concentrations of selected herbicides and nitrate in the Sangamon River, Illinois, April 1991 - March 1992, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Aronson, D.A., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the technical meeting, Colorado Springs, Colorado, September 20-24, 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4015, v. 1, p. 471-478.

Kolpin, D.W., Goolsby, D.A., Aga, D.S., Iverson, J.L., and Thurman, E.M., 1996,

Pesticides in near-surface aquifers--Results of the Midcontinental United States ground-water reconnaissance, 1991-92, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Aronson, D.A., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the technical meeting, Colorado Springs, Colorado, September 20-24, 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4015, v. 1, p. 505-513.

Kolpin, D.W., Nations, B.K., Goolsby, D.A., and Thurman, E.M., 1996,

Acetochlor in the hydrologic system in the midwestern United States, 1994: Environmental Science and Technology, v. 30, no. 5, p. 1459-1464, doi:10.1021/es9503241.

Kolpin, D.W., Thurman, E.M., and Goolsby, D.A., 1996,

Occurrence of selected pesticides and their metabolites in near-surface aquifers of the midwestern United States: Environmental Science and Technology, v. 30, no. 1, p. 335-340, doi:10.1021/es950341q.

Kolpin, D.W., Zichelle, K.E., and Thurman, E.M., 1996,

Water-quality data for pesticides, nutrients, and volatile organic compounds in near-surface aquifers of the midcontinental United States, 1992-1994: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-435, 47 p.

Kuivila, K.M., and Copeland, D.D., 1996,

Diazinon concentrations and transport in the Sacramento River and San Francisco Bay, California, February 1993, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Aronson, D.A., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the technical meeting, Colorado Springs, Colorado, September 20-24, 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4015, v. 2, p. 699-704.

Kuivila, K.M., Sheipline, R.C., and Foe, C.G., 1996,

Distribution and possible biological effects of diazinon in the San Joaquin River and the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, California, February 1993, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Aronson, D.A., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the technical meeting, Colorado Springs, Colorado, September 20-24, 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4015, v. 2, p. 705-710.

Landon, M.K., Delin, G.N., Lamb, J.A., Dowdy, R.H., and Anderson, J.L., 1996,

Effects of farming systems on ground-water quality at the Princeton, Minnesota, Management Systems Evaluation Area, 1991, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Aronson, D.A., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the technical meeting, Colorado Springs, Colorado, September 20-24, 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4015, v. 1, p. 543-554.

Leonard, R.A., Marti, L.R., Hicks, D.W., and McConnell, J.B., 1996,

Fate and transport of atrazine at the Plains, Georgia, ground water study site, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Aronson, D.A., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the technical meeting, Colorado Springs, Colorado, September 20-24, 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4015, v. 2, p. 955-964.

Liu, S., Yen, S., and Kolpin, D.W., 1996,

Atrazine concentrations in near-surface aquifers--A censored regression approach: Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 25, no. 5, p. 992-999.

Liu, S., Yen, S., and Kolpin, D.W., 1996,

Pesticides in groundwater--Do atrazine metabolites matter?: Water Resources Bulletin, v. 32, no. 4, p. 845-853, doi:10.1111/j.1752-1688.1996.tb03481.x.

Meyer, M.T., and Thurman, E.M., 1996,

The transport and degradation of cyanazine metabolites in surface water of the Midwestern United States, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Aronson, D.A., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the technical meeting, Colorado Springs, Colorado, September 20-24, 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4015, v. 1, p. 463-470.

Meyer, M.T., Thurman, E.M., and Goolsby, D.A., 1996,

Cyanazine, atrazine, and their metabolites as geochemical indicators of contaminant transport in the Mississippi River, in Meyer, M.T., and Thurman, E.M., eds., Herbicide metabolites in surface water and groundwater: Washington, D.C., American Chemical Society ACS Symposium Series 630, p. 288-303.

Meyer, M.T., and Thurman, E.M., eds., 1996,

Herbicide metabolites in surface water and groundwater: American Chemical Society ACS Symposium Series 630, 318 p.

Meyers, W.J., and Kuivila, K.M., 1996,

Method for estimating the activity of carbofuran-degrading microorganisms in environmental samples, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Aronson, D.A., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the technical meeting, Colorado Springs, Colorado, September 20-24, 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4015, v. 2, p. 719-723.

Moody, J.A., and Battaglin, W.A., 1996,

Chemical character of the Mississippi River, in Meade, R.H., ed., Contaminants in the Mississippi River, 1987-92: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1133, p. 31-39.

Mueller, D.K., Ruddy, B.C., and Battaglin, W.A., 1996,

Relation of nitrate concentrations in surface water to land use in the Upper-Midwestern United States, 1989-90, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Aronson, D.A., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the technical meeting, Colorado Springs, Colorado, September 20-24, 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4015, v. 1, p. 441-448.

Navoy, A.S., 1996,

Use of flowpath simulation to determine contributing areas and traveltimes of nonpoint-source ground-water contamination, Gloucester County, New Jersey, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Aronson, D.A., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the technical meeting, Colorado Springs, Colorado, September 20-24, 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4015, v. 2, p. 1011-1019.

Oltmann, R.N., 1996,

Hydrodynamics of California's Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, and the collection of flow data for the tracking of pesticides, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Aronson, D.A., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the technical meeting, Colorado Springs, Colorado, September 20-24, 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4015, v. 2, p. 695-698.

Oremland, R.S., 1996,

Microbial cycling of methyl bromide, in Lidstrom, M.E., and Tabita, F.R., eds., Microbial Growth on C1 Compounds: Dordrecht, The Netherlands, Kluwer Academic Publishers, p. 310-317.

Pereira, W.E., Domagalski, J.L., Hostettler, F.D., Brown, L.R., and Rapp, J.B., 1996,

Occurrence and accumulation of pesticides and organic contaminants in river sediment, water and clam tissues from the San Joaquin River and tributaries, California: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 15, no. 2, p. 172-180, doi:10.1897/1551-5028(1996)015<0172:OAAOPA>2.3.CO;2.

Pereira, W.E., Hostettler, F.D., Cashman, J.R., and Nishioka, R.S., 1996,

Distributions of organochlorine compounds in sediments and livers of Striped Bass (Morone saxatilis) in San Francisco Bay-Delta Estuary, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Aronson, D.A., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the technical meeting, Colorado Springs, Colorado, September 20-24, 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4015, v. 2, p. 725-733.

Pereira, W.E., Hostettler, F.D., and Rapp, J.B., 1996,

Distributions and fate of chlorinated pesticides, biomarkers and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sediments along a contamination gradient from a point-source in San Francisco Bay, California: Marine Environmental Research, v. 41, no. 3, p. 299-314, doi:10.1016/0141-1136(95)00021-6.

Pomes, M.L., Holub, D.F., Aga, D.S., and Thurman, E.M., 1996,

Isocratic separation of alachlor ethanesulfonic acid, alachlor oxoacetic acid, and hydroxyatrazine by reversed-phase liquid chromatography, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Aronson, D.A., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the technical meeting, Colorado Springs, Colorado, September 20-24, 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4015, v. 1, p. 393-400.

Pomes, M.L., Thurman, E.M., and Goolsby, D.A., 1996,

An evaluation of a microtiter-plate enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method for the analysis of triazine and chloroacetanilide herbicides in storm runoff samples, in Van Emon, J.M., Gerlach, C.L., and Johnson, J.C., eds., Environmental immunochemical methods: Washington, D.C., American Chemical Society ACS Symposium Series 646, p. 170-182.

Schroyer, B.R., and Capel, P.D., 1996,

A high-performance liquid chromatography-based screening method for the analysis of atrazine, alachlor, and ten of their transformation products, in Meyer, M.T., and Thurman, E.M., eds., Herbicide metabolites in surface water and groundwater: Washington, D.C., American Chemical Society ACS Symposium Series 630, p. 34-42.

Scribner, E.A., Goolsby, D.A., Thurman, E.M., Meyer, M.T., and Battaglin, W.A., 1996,

Concentrations of selected herbicides, herbicide metabolites, and nutrients in outflow from selected midwestern reservoirs, April 1992 through September 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-393, 128 p.

Scribner, E.A., Thurman, E.M., and Goolsby, D.A., 1996,

Reconnaissance data for selected herbicides and two atrazine metabolites in surface water of the Midwestern United States--Chemical analysis by immunoassay and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Aronson, D.A., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the technical meeting, Colorado Springs, Colorado, September 20-24, 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4015, v. 1, p. 449-453.

Soenksen, P.J., 1996,

Transport of agricultural chemicals in surface flow, tileflow, and streamflow of Walnut Creek watershed near Ames, Iowa, April 1991-September 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4017, 41 p.

Soenksen, P.J., Hatfield, J.L., and Schmitz, D.J., 1996,

Chemical loads of nitrate, atrazine, and metolachlor in Walnut Creek watershed near Ames, Iowa, 1991-92, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Aronson, D.A., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the technical meeting, Colorado Springs, Colorado, September 20-24, 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4015, v. 1, p. 597-605.

Squillace, P.J., 1996,

Observed and simulated movement of bank-storage water: Ground Water, v. 34, no. 1, p. 121-134.

Squillace, P.J., Caldwell, J.P., Schulmeyer, P.M., and Harvey, C.A., 1996,

Movement of agricultural chemicals between surface water and ground water, lower Cedar River basin, Iowa: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 2448, 59 p.

Squillace, P.J., and Pollock, D.W., 1996,

Comparison of simulated and observed movement of bank-storage water adjacent to the Cedar River, Iowa, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Aronson, D.A., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the technical meeting, Colorado Springs, Colorado, September 20-24, 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4015, v. 1, p. 525-534.

Stackelberg, P.E., 1996,

Evaluating the effect of land use and sampling depth on ground-water quality, Long Island, New York, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Aronson, D.A., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the technical meeting, Colorado Springs, Colorado, September 20-24, 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4015, v. 2, p. 1001-1010.

Stackelberg, P.E., and Eckhardt, D.A.V., 1996,

Modeling statistical relations among shallow ground-water quality, human activities, land use, and thickness of the unsaturated zone on Long Island, New York, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Aronson, D.A., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the technical meeting, Colorado Springs, Colorado, September 20-24, 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4015, v. 2, p. 993-1000.

Thurman, E.M., and Fallon, J.D., 1996,

The deethylatrazine/atrazine ratio as an indicator of the onset of the spring flush of herbicides into surface water of the Midwestern United States: International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, v. 65, p. 203-214.

Thurman, E.M., Goolsby, D.A., Aga, D.S., Pomes, M.L., and Meyer, M.T., 1996,

Occurrence of alachlor and its sulfonated metabolite in rivers and reservoirs of the midwestern U.S.--The importance of sulfonation in the transport of chloroacetanilide herbicides: Environmental Science and Technology, v. 30, no. 2, p. 569-574, doi:10.1021/es950341q.

Thurman, E.M., and Meyer, M.T., 1996,

Herbicide metabolites in surface water and groundwater--Introduction and overview, in Meyer, M.T., and Thurman, E.M., eds., Herbicide metabolites in surface water and groundwater: Washington, D.C., American Chemical Society ACS Symposium Series 630, p. 1-15.

Thurman, E.M., Mills, M.S., and Meyer, M.T., 1996,

Chemistry, degradation, and transport of triazine herbicide metabolites in surface water, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Aronson, D.A., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the technical meeting, Colorado Springs, Colorado, September 20-24, 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4015, v. 1, p. 455-462.

Tindall, J.A., and Vencill, W.K., 1996,

Atrazine transport through preferential pathways at the Missouri MSEA, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Aronson, D.A., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the technical meeting, Colorado Springs, Colorado, September 20-24, 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4015, v. 1, p. 607-611.

Verstraeten, I.M., Lewis, D.T., McCallister, D.L., Parkhurst, A., and Thurman, E.M., 1996,

Relation of landscape position and irrigation to concentrations of alachlor, atrazine, and selected degradates in regolith in northeastern Nebraska, in Meyer, M.T., and Thurman, E.M., eds., Herbicide metabolites in surface water and groundwater: Washington, D.C., American Chemical Society ACS Symposium Series 630, p. 178-197.

Verstraeten, I.M., McGuire, V.L., and Battaglin, W.A., 1996,

Use of 2D and 3D GIS in well selection and interpretation of nitrate data, central Nebraska, USA, in Kovar, K., and Nachtnebel, H., eds., Application of Geographic Information Systems in Hydrology and Water Resources Management--Proceedings of HydroGIS'96 meeting, Vienna, Austria, April 1996: International Association of Hydrological Sciences Publication No. 235, p. 585-591.

Vowinkel, E.F., 1996,

Vulnerability of water from public supply wells to contamination by pesticides, Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer system, New Jersey Coastal Plain, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Aronson, D.A., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the technical meeting, Colorado Springs, Colorado, September 20-24, 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4015, v. 2, p. 1021-1028.

Vowinkel, E.F., Clawges, R.M., Buxton, D.E., Stedfast, D.A., and Louis, J.B., 1996,

Vulnerability of public drinking water supplies in New Jersey to pesticides: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet FS-165-96, 3 p.

Yen, S., Liu, S., and Kolpin, D.W., 1996,

Analysis of nitrate in near-surface aquifers in the midcontinental United States--An application of the inverse hyperbolic sine Tobit model: Water Resources Research, v. 32, no. 10, p. 3003-3011, 96WR02102, doi:10.1029/96WR02102.

Aga, D.S., 1995,

Analytical applications of immunoassays in environmental and agricultural chemistry--study of the fate and transport of herbicides: Lawrence, University of Kansas, Department of Chemistry, Ph.D. thesis, 220 p.

Aga, D.S., and Thurman, E.M., 1995,

Application of solid-phase extraction (SPE) for ultratrace analysis of herbicides in water and soil by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), in Kurtz, D.A., Skerritt, J.H., and Stanker, L., eds., Agrochemical Immunoanalysis-93: Arlington, Va., AOAC International, p. 317.

Battaglin, W.A., and Goolsby, D.A., 1995,

Spatial data in Geographic Information System format on agricultural chemical use, land use, and cropping practices in the United States: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94-4176, 87 p.

Bratkovich, A., Dinnel, S.P., and Goolsby, D.A., 1995,

Variability and prediction of freshwater and nitrate fluxes for the Louisiana-Texas shelf--Mississippi and Atchafalaya source functions: Estuaries, v. 17, no. 4, p. 766-778.

Coupe, R.H., Goolsby, D.A., Iverson, J.L., Zaugg, S.D., and Markovchick, D.J., 1995,

Pesticide, nutrient, streamflow and physical property data for the Mississippi River and major tributaries, April 1991-September 1992: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 93-657, 116 p.

Delin, G.N., Landon, M.K., Anderson, J.L., Lamb, J.A., and Dowdy, R.H., 1995,

Transport of agricultural chemicals to ground water near Princeton, Minnesota, 1991-93, in Clean Water--Clean Environment--21st Century Conference, Proceedings, Kansas City, Missouri, March 5-8, 1995: St. Joseph, Michigan, American Society of Agricultural Engineers, v. 1, p. 57-60.

Delin, G.N., Landon, M.K., Lamb, J.A., and Dowdy, R.H., 1995,

Effects of 1992 farming systems on ground-water quality at the Management Systems Evaluation Area near Princeton, Minnesota: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 95-4104, 23 p.

Dowdy, R.H., Lamb, J.A., Albus, W.L., Clay, D.E., Lowery, B., Delin, G.N., and Anderson, J.L., 1995,

Water quality under a ridge-tilled, corn/soybean farming system, in Clean Water--Clean Environment--21st Century Conference, Proceedings, Kansas City, Missouri, March 5-8, 1995: St. Joseph, Michigan, American Society of Agricultural Engineers, v. 3, p. 85-88.

Goolsby, D.A., 1995,

Dissolved herbicides, in Moody, J.A., ed., Data report on Mississippi--Upriver profiles, chemical data for water quality samples collected during four upriver transects of the Mississippi River between New Orleans, Louisiana, and St. Paul, Minnesota, May 1990-April 1992: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94-523, p. 297.

Goolsby, D.A., and Battaglin, W.A., 1995,

Occurrence and distribution of pesticides in streams of the Midwestern United States, in Leng, M.L., ed., Agrochemical environmental fate--State of the art: Boca Raton, Fla., Lewis Publishers, p. 159-173.

Goolsby, D.A., Scribner, E.A., Thurman, E.M., Meyer, M.T., and Pomes, M.L., 1995,

Data on selected herbicides and two triazine metabolites in precipitation in the midwestern and northeastern United States, 1990-91: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-469, 341 p.

Goolsby, D.A., Thurman, E.M., Kolpin, D.W., and Battaglin, W.A., 1995,

Occurrence of herbicides and metabolites in surface water, ground water and rainwater, in the midwestern United States--Proceedings of 1995 AWWA Conference, in, Anaheim, CA, June 18-22, 1995: p. 583-591.

Goolsby, D.A., Thurman, E.M., Kolpin, D.W., and Meyer, M.T., 1995,

Herbicides and metabolites in surface water, rainwater, and ground water in the midwestern United States--Proceedings of 209th ACS National Meeting, in, Anaheim, California, April 2-7, 1995: p. 278-281.

Jagucki, M.L., Finton, C.D., Springer, A.E., and Bair, E.S., 1995,

Hydrogeology and water quality at the Management Systems Evaluation Area near Piketon, Ohio: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 95-4139, 117 p.

Kolpin, D.W., 1995,

Agricultural chemicals in ground water of the Midwest--Proceedings of the 12th Annual Water and the Future of Kansas Conference, in, Manhattan, Kansas, February 28-March 1, 1995: p. 19-21.

Kolpin, D.W., and Goolsby, D.A., 1995,

A regional monitoring network to investigate the occurrence and distribution of agricultural chemicals in near-surface aquifers of the midcontinental United States, in Proceedings of Conference on Groundwater Quality--Remediation and Protection: International Association of Hydrological Sciences Publication No. 225, p. 13-20.

Kolpin, D.W., Goolsby, D.A., and Thurman, E.M., 1995,

Pesticides in near-surface aquifers--An assessment using highly sensitive analytical methods and tritium: Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 24, no. 6, p. 1125-1132.

Kolpin, D.W., and Thurman, E.M., 1995,

Post-flood occurrence of selected agricultural chemicals and volatile organic compounds in near-surface unconsolidated aquifers in the Mississippi River Basin, 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1120G, 20 p.

Kuivila, K.M., and Foe, C.G., 1995,

Concentrations, transport, and biological effects of dormant spray pesticides in the San Francisco Estuary, California: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 14, no. 7, p. 1141-1150.

Landon, M.K., and Delin, G.N., 1995,

Ground-water quality in agricultural areas, Anoka sand plain aquifer, east-central Minnesota, 1984-90: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 95-4024, 25 p.

Larson, S.J., Capel, P.D., Goolsby, D.A., Zaugg, S.D., and Sandstrom, M.W., 1995,

Relations between pesticide use and riverine flux in the Mississippi River basin: Chemosphere, v. 31, no. 5, p. 3305-3321.

Larson, S.J., Capel, P.D., and VanderLoop, A.G., 1995,

Laboratory and quality assurance protocols for the analysis of herbicides in ground water from the Management Systems Evaluation Area, Princeton, Minnesota: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 95-4178, 18 p.

Lee, K.E., 1995,

Atrazine and alachlor degradation in wetlands: The effect of hydrophyte community structure: Lawrence, University of Kansas, Department of Biological Sciences, Masters thesis, 146 p.

MacCoy, D., Crepeau, K.L., and Kuivila, K.M., 1995,

Dissolved pesticide data for the San Joaquin River at Vernalsi and the Sacramento River at Sacramento, California, 1991-1994: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-110, 27 p.

Oremland, R.S., 1995,

Microbial degradation of atmospheric halocarbons, in Murrell, C., and Kelly, D., eds., Microbiology of atmospheric trace gases---sources, sinks, and global change processes: NATO advanced workshop series 1: v. 39, p. 85-102.

Schulmeyer, P.M., Barnes, K.K., and Squillace, P.J., 1995,

Hydrologic data from the lower Cedar River Basin, Iowa, 1989-1991: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94-711-W, 116 p.

Thurman, E.M., Goolsby, D.A., Meyer, M.T., Cromwell, A.E., Dankwardt, A., and B., H., 1995,

Evidence of long-range atmospheric transport and degradation of atrazine and deethylatrazine, in Preprints of Papers Presented at the 209th ACS National Meeting, Division of Environmental Chemistry, Anaheim, California, April 2-7, 1995: American Chemical Society, v. 35, no. 1, p. 286-287.

Tindall, J.A., and Vencill, W.K., 1995,

Transport of atrazine, 2,4-D, and dicamba through preferential flowpaths in an unsaturated claypan soil near Centralia, Missouri: Journal of Hydrology, v. 166, no. 1-2, p. 37-59, doi:10.1016/0022-1694(94)02603-9.

Aga, D.S., Thurman, E.M., and Pomes, M.L., 1994,

Determination of alachlor and its sulfonic acid metabolite in water by solid-phase extraction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay: Analytical Chemistry, v. 66, no. 9, p. 1495-1499.

Battaglin, W.A., and Goolsby, D.A., 1994,

Relations between herbicide use and annual transport of herbicides in midwestern rivers, 1991-92, in Weigmann, D.L., ed., New Directions in Pesticide Research Development, Management, and Policy--Proceedings of the Fourth National Conference, on Pesticides, Richmond, Va., November 1-3, 1993: p. 711-723.

Battaglin, W.A., Goolsby, D.A., and Mueller, D.K., 1994,

Relations between use, concentration, and transport of agricultural chemicals in the Mississippi River basin, in Marston, R.A., and Hasfurther, V.R., eds., Effects of Human-induced Changes on Hydrologic System--Proceedings of the American Water Resources Association summer symposium, Jackson Hole, Wyoming, June 26-29, 1994: p. 1073-1086.

Bradley, P.M., Chapelle, F.H., Jagucki, M.L., and McMahon, P.B., 1994,

Effect of atrazine on potential denitrification in aquifer sediments: Soil Biology and Biochemistry, v. 26, no. 4, p. 523-524, doi:10.1016/0038-0717(94)90186-4.

Crepeau, K.L., Domagalski, J.L., and Kuivila, K.M., 1994,

Methods of analysis and quality assurance practices of the U.S. Geological Survey Organic Laboratory, Sacramento, California--Determination of pesticides in water by solid-phase extraction and capillary-column gaschromatography/mass spectrometry: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94-362, 17 p.

Dankwardt, A., Wust, S., Elling, W., Thurman, E.M., and Hock, B., 1994,

Determination of atrazine in rainfall and surface water in Germany by enzyme immunoassay: Journal of Environmental Science and Pollution Research, v. 1, no. 4, p. 196-204.

Delin, G.N., Landon, M.K., Lamb, J.A., and Anderson, J.L., 1994,

Characterization of the hydrogeology and water quality at the Management Systems Evaluation Area near Princeton, Minnesota: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4149, 54 p.

Delin, G.N., Landon, M.K., Lamb, J.A., and Anderson, J.L., 1994,

Hydrogeologic and water-quality data used to characterize the Management Systems Evaluation Area near Princeton, Minnesota: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94