Research on the Fate of Contaminants from Hard Rock Mining Activities

Ball, J.W., Runkel, R.L., and Nordstrom, D.K., 2005,

Questa baseline and pre-mining ground-water quality investigation. 12. Geochemical and reactive-transport modeling based on tracer injection-synoptic sampling studies for the Red river, New Mexico, 2001-2002: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5149, 78 p.

Bargar, J.R., Fuller, C.C., Marcus, M.A., Brearley, A.J., Perez De la Rosa, M., Webb, S.M., and Caldwell, W.A., 2009,

Structural characterization of terrestrial bacteriogenic Mn oxides from Pinal Creek, AZ: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 73, no. 4, p. 889-910, doi:10.1016/j.gca.2008.10.036.

Bencala, K.E., 2010,

Stream-groundwater interactions, in Wilderer, P.A., ed., Treatise on Water Science: Elsevier, v. 2 - Hydrology, Uhlenbrook, S., Ed. , ISBN:978-0-444-53193-3.

Bencala, K.E., 2005,

Hyporheic exchange flows, in Anderson, M.G., and McDonnell, J.J., eds., Encyclopedia of Hydrological Sciences: New Jersey, John Wiley and Sons, v. 3, Chapter 113, p. 1,733-1,740.

Bencala, K.E., Gooseff, M.N., and Kimball, B.A., 2011,

Rethinking hyporheic flow and transient storage to advance understanding of stream-catchment connections: Water Resources Research, v. 47, no. 3, W00H03, doi:10.1029/2010wr010066.

Borrok, D.M., Nimick, D.A., Wanty, R.B., and Ridley, W.I., 2008,

Isotopic variation of dissolved copper and zinc in stream waters affected by historical mining: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 72, no. 2, p. 329-344, doi:10.1016/j.gca.2007.11.014.

Borrok, D.M., Wanty, R.B., Ridley, W.I., Lamothe, P.J., Kimball, B.A., Verplank, P.L., and Runkel, R.L., 2009,

Application of iron and zinc isotopes to track the sources and mechanisms of metal loading in a mountain watershed: Applied Geochemistry, v. 24, no. 7, p. 1270-1277, doi:10.1016/j.apgeochem.2009.03.010.

Borrok, D.M., Wanty, R.B., Ridly, W.I., Wolf, R., Lamothe, P.J., and Adams, M., 2007,

Separation of copper, iron, and zinc from complex aqueous solutions for isotopic measurement: Chemical Geology, v. 242, no. 3-4, p. 400-414, doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2007.04.004.

Bove, D.J., Lowers, H.A., Plumlee, G.S., and Verplanck, P.L., 2008,

In-situ acid weathering reactions in areas affected by large-scale and pervasive hydrothermal alteration in the Southern Rocky Mountains (Chapter C), in Verplanck, P.L., ed., Understanding Contaminants Associated with Mineral Deposits: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 2008-1328, p. 14-17.

Bove, D.J., Walton-Day, K., and Kimball, B.A., 2009,

The use of fluoride as a natural tracer and the relationship to geologic features--Examples from the Animas River Watershed, San Juan Mountains, Colorado: Geochemistry--Exploration, Environment, and Analysis, v. 9, no. 2, p. 125-138, doi:10.1144/1467-7873/09-197.

Buchwalter, D.B., Cain, D.J., Clements, W.H., and Luoma, S.N., 2008,

Using biodynamic models to reconcile differences between laboratory toxicity tests and field biomonitoring with aquatic insects: Environmental Science and Technology, v. 42, no. 8, p. 3,117-3,117, doi:10.1021/es703130e.

Buchwalter, D.B., Cain, D.J., Clements, W.H., and Luoma, S.N., 2007,

Using biodynamic models to reconcile differences between laboratory toxicity tests and field biomonitoring with aquatic insects: Environmental Science and Technology, v. 41, no. 13, p. 4,821-4,828, doi:10.1021/es070464y.

Cain, D., Croteau, M.-N., and Luoma, S., 2011,

Bioaccumulation dynamics and exposure routes of Cd and Cu among species of aquatic mayflies: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 30, no. 11, p. 2532-2541, doi:10.1002/etc.663.

Cain, D.J., Buchwalter, D.B., and Luoma, S.N., 2006,

Influence of metal exposure history on the bioaccumulation and subcellular distribution of aqueous cadmium in the insect Hydropsyche californica: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 25, no. 4, p. 1042-1049, doi:10.1897/05-255R.1.

Caine, J.S., Manning, A.H., Philip L. Verplanck, Bove, D.J., Kahn, K.G., and Ge, S., 2008,

U.S. Geological Survey Research in Handcart Gulch, Colorado--An alpine watershed affected by metalliferous hydrothermal alteration (Chapter I), in Verplanck, P.L., ed., Understanding Contaminants Associated with Mineral Deposits: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 2008-1328, p. 50-57.

Chapin, T.P., Nimick, D.A., Gammons, C.H., and Wanty, R.B., 2007,

Diel cycling of zinc in a stream impacted by acid rock drainage--Initial results from a new in situ Zn analyzer: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, v. 133, no. 1-3, p. 161-167, doi:10.1007/s10661-006-9569-y.

Chapin, T.P., and Wanty, R., 2005,

Development of a solenoid pumped in situ zinc analyzer for environmental monitoring: Analytica Chimica Acta, v. 543, no. 1-2, p. 199-208, doi:10.1016/j.aca.2005.04.046.

Choate, L.M., Ranville, J.F., Blumenstein, E.P., and Smith, K.S., 2008,

Simple screening tests to determine the potential metal toxicity of mining-waste leachates (Chapter E), in Verplanck, P.L., ed., Understanding Contaminants Associated with Mineral Deposits: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 2008-1328, p. 24-27.

Church, S.E., Owen, J.R., von Guerard, P., Verplanck, P.L., Kimball, B.A., and Yager, D.B., 2007,

The effects of acidic mine drainage from historical mines in the Animas River watershed, San Juan County, Colorado--What is being done and what can be done to improve water quality?, in DeGraff, J.V., ed., Understanding and responding to hazardous substances at mine sites in the western United States: Boulder, Colo., Geological Society of America, p. 47-83, ISBN:9780813741178.

Cox, T.J., and Runkel, R.L., 2008,

Eulerian-Lagrangian numerical scheme for simulating advection, dispersion, and transient storage in streams and a comparison of numerical methods: Journal of Environmental Engineering, v. 134, no. 12, p. 996-1005, doi:10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(2008)134:12(996).

Croteau, M.N., and Luoma, S.N., 2009,

Predicting dietborne metal toxicity from metal influxes: Environmental Science and Technology, v. 43, no. 13, p. 4915-4921, doi:10.1021/es9007454.

Diehl, S.F., Hageman, P.L., and Smith, K.S., 2008,

What is weathering in mine waste? Mineralogic evidence for sources of metals in leachates (Chapter A), in Verplanck, P.L., ed., Understanding Contaminants Associated with Mineral Deposits: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 2008-1328, p. 4-7.

Dodge, K.A., Hornberger, M.I., and Dyke, J.L., 2009,

Water-quality, bed-sediment, and biological data (October 2007 through September 2008) and statistical summaries of long-term data for streams in the Clark Fork Basin, Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2009-1178, 140 p.

Dodge, K.A., Hornberger, M.I., and Dyke, J.L., 2008,

Water-quality, bed-sediment, and biological data (October 2006 through September 2007) and statistical summaries of long-term data for streams in the Clark Fork Basin, Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1318, vi, 134 p.

Dodge, K.A., Hornberger, M.I., and Dyke, J.L., 2007,

Water-quality, bed-sediment, and biological data (October 2005 through September 2006) and statistical summaries of long-term data for streams in the Clark Fork Basin, Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1301, 125 p.

Dodge, K.A., Hornberger, M.I., and Dyke, J.L., 2006,

Water-quality, bed-sediment, and biological data (October 2004 through September 2005) and statistical summaries of data for streams in the Upper Clark Fork Basin, Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1266, 109 p.

Dodge, K.A., Hornberger, M.I., and Dyke, J.L., 2005,

Water-quality, bed-sediment, and biological data (October 2003 through September 2004) and statistical summaries of data for streams in the Upper Clark Fork Basin, Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1356, 124 p (includes map, 28 cm.).

Farag, A.M., Nimick, D.A., Kimball, B.A., Church, S.E., Harper, D.D., and Brumbaugh, W.G., 2007,

Concentrations of metals in water, sediment, biofilm, benthic macroinvertebrates, and fish in the Boulder River Watershed, Montana, and the role of colloids in metal uptake: Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 52, no. 3, p. 397-409, doi:10.1007/s00244-005-0021-z.

Gammons, C.H., Duaime, T.E., Parker, S.R., Poulson, S.R., and Kennelly, P., 2010,

Geochemistry and stable isotope investigation of acid mine drainage associated with abandoned coal mines in central Montana, USA: Chemical Geology, v. 269, no. 1-2, p. 100-112, doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2009.05.026.

Gammons, C.H., Grant, T.M., Nimick, D.A., Parker, S.R., and DeGrandpre, M.D., 2007,

Diel changes in water chemistry in an arsenic-rich stream and treatment-pond system: Science of the Total Environment, v. 384, no. 1-3, p. 433-451, doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2007.06.029.

Gammons, C.H., Milodragovich, L., and Belanger-Woods, J., 2007,

Influence of diurnal cycles on metal concentrations and loads in streams draining abandoned mine lands--An example from High Ore Creek, Montana: Environmental Geology, v. 53, no. 3, p. 611-622, doi:10.1007/s00254-007-0676-z.

Gammons, C.H., Nimick, D.A., Parker, S.R., Cleasby, T.E., and McCleskey, R.B., 2005,

Diel behavior of iron and other heavy metals in a mountain stream with acidic to neutral pH - Fisher Creek, Montana, USA: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 69, no. 10, p. 2505-2516, doi:10.1016/j.gca.2004.11.020.

Gammons, C.H., Nimick, D.A., Parker, S.R., Snyder, D.M., McCleskey, R.B., Amils, R., and Poulson, S.R., 2008,

Photoreduction fuels biogeochemical cycling of iron in Spain's acid rivers: Chemical Geology, v. 252, no. 3-4, p. 202-213, doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2008.03.004.

Gooseff, M.N., Bencala, K.E., Scott, D.T., Runkel, R.L., and McKnight, D.M., 2005,

Sensitivity analysis of conservative and reactive stream transient storage models applied to field data from multiple-reach experiments: Advances in Water Resources, v. 28, no. 5, p. 479-492, doi:10.1016/j.advwatres.2004.11.012.

Herring, J.R., and Walton-Day, K., 2007,

Selenium and other elements in water and adjacent rock and sediment of Toll Gate Creek, Aurora, Arapahoe County, Colorado, December 2003 through March 2004: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5018, 58 p.

Hornberger, M.I., Luoma, S.N., Johnson, M.L., and Holyoak, M., 2009,

Influence of remediation in a mine-impacted river--Metal trends over large spatial and temporal scales: Ecological Applications, v. 19, no. 6, p. 1522-1535, doi:10.1890/08-1529.1.

Janssen, E.M.L., Croteau, M.-N., Luoma, S.N., and Luthy, R.G., 2010,

Measurement and modeling of polychlorinated biphenyl bioaccumulation from sediment for the marine polychaete Neanthes arenaceodentata and response to sorbent amendment: Environmental Science and Technology, v. 44, no. 8, p. 2,857-2,863, doi:10.1021/es901632e (Advanced Web release).

Jencso, K.G., McGlynn, B.L., Gooseff, M.N., Wondzell, S.M., Bencala, K.E., and Marshall, L.A., 2009,

Hydrologic connectivity between landscapes and streams--Transferring reach- and plot-scale understanding to the catchment scale: Water Resources Research, v. 45, no. 4, W04428, doi:10.1029/2008WR007225.

Keefe, S.H., Daniels, J.S., Runkel, R.L., Wass, R.D., Stiles, E.A., and Barber, L.B., 2010,

Influence of hummocks and emergent vegetation on hydraulic performance in a surface flow wastewater treatment wetland: Water Resources Research, v. 46, no. 11, p. W11518, doi:10.1029/2010wr009512.

Kimball, B., and Runkel, R., 2009,

Spatially detailed quantification of metal loading for decision making--Metal mass loading to American Fork and Mary Ellen Gulch, Utah: Mine Water and the Environment, v. 28, no. 4, p. 274-290, doi:10.1007/s10230-009-0085-5.

Kimball, B.A., Bianchi, F., Walton-Day, K., Runkel, R.L., Nannucci, M., and Salvadori, A., 2007,

Quantification of changes in metal loading from storm runoff, Merse River (Tuscany, Italy), in Cidu, R., and Frau, F., eds., Water in Mining Environments, Proceedings of the International Mine Water Association Symposium 2007, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Sardinia, Italy, May 27-31, 2007: p. 83-87.

Kimball, B.A., Bianchi, F., Walton-Day, K., Runkel, R.L., Nannucci, M., and Salvadori, A., 2007,

Quantification of changes in metal loading from storm runoff, Merse River (Tuscany, Italy): Mine Water and the Environment, v. 26, no. 4, p. 209-216, doi:10.1007/s10230-007-0020-6.

Kimball, B.A., Nordstrom, D.K., Runkel, R.L., and Verplanck, P.L., 2006,

Questa baseline and pre-mining ground-water quality investigation. 23. Quantification of solute mass loading for Red River, New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5004.

Kimball, B.A., and Runkel, R.L., 2010,

Evaluating remediation alternatives for mine drainage, Little Cottonwood Creek, Utah, USA: Environmental Earth Sciences, v. 60, no. 5, p. 1,021-1,036, doi:10.1007/s12665-009-0240-0.

Kimball, B.A., Runkel, R.L., and Gerner, L.J., 2009,

Methods and basic data from mass-loading studies in American Fork, October 1999, and Mary Ellen Gulch, Utah, September 2000: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 443, 33 p.

Kimball, B.A., Runkel, R.L., and Walton-Day, K., 2010,

An approach to quantify sources, seasonal change, and biogeochemical processes affecting metal loading in streams--Facilitating decisions for remediation of mine drainage: Applied Geochemistry, v. 25, no. 5, p. 728-740, doi:10.1016/j.apgeochem.2010.02.005.

Kimball, B.A., Runkel, R.L., and Walton-Day, K., 2008,

Principal locations of major-ion, trace-element, nitrate, and Escherichia coli loading to Emigration Creek, Salt Lake County, Utah, October 2005: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2008-5043, 33 p.

Kimball, B.A., Runkel, R.L., and Walton-Day, K., 2007,

Principal locations of metal loading from flood-plain tailings, Lower Silver Creek, Utah, April 2004: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5248, 33 p.

Kimball, B.A., Runkel, R.L., Walton-Day, K., and Stover, B.K., 2006,

Evaluation of metal loading to streams near Creede, Colorado, August and September 2000: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5143, 64 p.

Kimball, B.A., Runkel, R.L., Walton-Day, K., and Williamson, J.E., 2006,

Quantification of mass loading to Strawberry Creek near the Gilt Edge mine, South Dakota: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5006, 41 p.

Kimball, B.A., Runkel, R.L., Wanty, R.B., and Verplanck, P.L., 2010,

Reactive solute-transport simulation of pre-mining metal concentrations in mine-impacted catchments--Redwell Basin, Colorado, USA: Chemical Geology, v. 269, no. 1-2, p. 124-136, doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2009.05.024.

Kimball, B.A., Walton-Day, K., and Runkel, R.L., 2007,

Quantification of metal loading by tracer injection and synoptic sampling, 1996-2000 (Chapter E9), in Church, S.E., von Guerard, P., and Finger, S.E., eds., Integrated Investigations of Environmental Effects of Historical Mining in the Animas River Watershed, San Juan County, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1651, v. 1, p. 417-495.

Kimball, B.E., Mathur, R., Dohnalkova, A.C., Wall, A.J., Runkel, R.L., and Brantley, S.L., 2009,

Copper isotope fractionation in acid mine drainage: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 73, no. 5, p. 1,247-1,263, doi:10.1016/j.gca.2008.11.035.

Luoma, S.N., Cain, D.J., and Rainbow, P.S., 2010,

Calibrating biomonitors to ecological disturbance--A new technique for deciphering metal effects in natural waters: Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management, v. 6, no. 2, p. 199-209, doi:0.1897/IEAM_2009-067.1.

Manning, A.H., Verplanck, P.L., Mast, M.A., Marsik, J., and McCleskey, R.B., 2011,

Spring runoff water-chemistry data from the Standard Mine and Elk Creek, Gunnison County, Colorado, 2010: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1159, 20 p.

Miller, M.P., McKnight, D.M., Cory, R.M., Williams, M.W., and Runkel, R.L., 2006,

Hyporheic exchange and fulvic acid redox reactions in an alpine stream/wetland ecosystem, Colorado Front Range: Environmental Science and Technology, v. 40, no. 19, p. 5943-5949, doi:10.1021/es060635j.

Morris, J.M., Farag, A.M., Nimick, D.A., and Meyer, J.S., 2006,

Light-mediated Zn uptake in photosynthetic biofilm: Hydrobiologia, v. 571, p. 361-371, doi:10.1007/s10750-006-0261-6.

Morris, J.M., and Meyer, J.S., 2007,

Photosynthetically mediated Zn removal from the water column in High Ore Creek, Montana: Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, v. 179, no. 1-4, p. 391-395, doi:10.1007/s11270-006-9232-9.

Morris, J.M., and Meyer, J.S., 2006,

Extracellular and intracellular uptake of zinc in a photosynthetic biofilm matrix: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 77, no. 1, p. 30-35, doi:10.1007/s00128-006-1028-5.

Morris, J.M., Nimick, D.A., Farag, A.M., and Meyer, J.S., 2005,

Does biofilm contribute to diel cycling of Zn in High Ore Creek, Montana?: Biogeochemistry, v. 76, no. 2, p. 233-259, doi:10.1007/s10533-005-4774-2.

Mueller, R.S., Denef, V.J., Kalnejais, L.H., Suttle, K.B., Thomas, B.C., Wilmes, P., Smith, R.L., Nordstrom, D.K., McCleskey, R.B., Shah, M.B., VerBerkmoes, N.C., Hettich, R.L., and Banfield, J.F., 2010,

Ecological distribution and population physiology defined by proteomics in a natural microbial community: Molecular Systems Biology, v. 6, 374, doi:10.1038/msb.2010.30.

Nimick, D.A., 2005,

Environmental effects of historical mining in the Boulder River watershed, southwestern Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2005-3148, 2 p.

Nimick, D.A., Cleasby, T.E., and McCleskey, R.B., 2005,

Seasonality of diel cycles of dissolved trace-metal concentrations in a Rocky Mountain stream: Environmental Geology, v. 47, no. 5, p. 603-614, doi:10.1007/s00254-004-1178-x.

Nimick, D.A., and Gammons, C.H., 2011,

Preface--Diel biogeochemical processes in terrestrial waters: Chemical Geology, v. 283, no. 1-2, p. 1-2, doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2011.01.023.

Nimick, D.A., Gammons, C.H., and Parker, S.R., 2011,

Diel biogeochemical processes and their effect on the aqueous chemistry of streams--A review: Chemical Geology, v. 283, no. 1-2, p. 3-17, doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2010.08.017.

Nimick, D.A., Gurrieri, J.T., and Furniss, G., 2009,

An empirical method for estimating instream pre-mining ph and dissolved cu concentration in catchments with acidic drainage and ferricrete: Applied Geochemistry, v. 24, no. 1, p. 106-119, doi:10.1016/j.apgeochem.2008.11.007.

Nimick, D.A., Harper, D.D., Farag, A.M., Cleasby, T.E., Macconnell, E., and Skaar, D., 2007,

Influence of in-stream diel concentration cycles of dissolved trace metals on acute toxicity to one-year-old cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki lewisi): Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 26, no. 12, p. 2667-2678, doi:10.1897/07-265.1.

Nimick, D.A., McCleskey, R.B., Gammons, C.H., and Parker, S.R., 2007,

Diel mercury concentration cycles in streams affected by mining and geothermal discharge: Science of the Total Environment, v. 373, no. 1, p. 344-355, doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.11.008.

Parker, S.R., Gammons, C.H., Jones, C.A., and Nimick, D.A., 2007,

Role of hydrous iron oxide formation in attenuation and diel cycling of dissolved trace metals in a stream affected by acid rock drainage: Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, v. 181, no. 1-4, p. 247-263, doi:10.1007/s11270-006-9297-5.

Parker, S.R., Gammons, C.H., Pedrozo, F.L., and Wood, S.A., 2008,

Diel changes in metal concentrations in a geogenically acidic river--Rio Agrio, Argentina: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 178, no. 2, p. 213-223, doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2008.06.029.

Parker, S.R., Gammons, C.H., Poulson, S.R., and DeGrandpre, M.D., 2007,

Diel variations in stream chemistry and isotopic composition of dissolved inorganic carbon, upper Clark Fork River, Montana, USA: Applied Geochemistry, v. 22, no. 7, p. 1329-1343, doi:10.1016/j.apgeochem.2007.02.007.

Parker, S.R., Poulson, S.R., Gammons, C.H., and DeGrandpre, M.D., 2005,

Biogeochemical controls on diel cycling of stable isotopes of dissolved 02 and dissolved inorganic carbon in the Big Hole River, Montana: Environmental Science and Technology, v. 39, no. 18, p. 7134-7140, doi:10.1021/es0505595.

Payn, R.A., Gooseff, M.N., McGlynn, B.L., Bencala, K.E., and Wondzell, S.M., 2009,

Channel water balance and exchange with subsurface flow along a mountain headwater stream in Montana, United States: Water Resources Research, v. 45, no. 11, p. 14, W11427, doi:10.1029/2008wr007644.

Rhea, D.T., Harper, D.D., Farag, A.M., and Brumbaugh, W.G., 2006,

Biomonitoring in the Boulder River watershed, Montana, USA--Metal concentrations in biofilm and macroinvertebrates, and relations with macroinvertebrate assemblage: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, v. 115, no. 1-3, p. 381-393, doi:10.1007/s10661-006-7086-7.

Runkel, R.L., 2010,

One-dimensional transport with equilibrium chemistry (OTEQ)--A reactive transport model for streams and rivers: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods book 6, chapter B6, 102 p.

Runkel, R.L., 2007,

Toward a transport-based analysis of nutrient spiraling and uptake in streams: Limnology and Oceanography--Methods, v. 5, p. 50-62.

Runkel, R.L., Bencala, K.E., Kimball, B.A., Walton-Day, K., and Verplanck, P.L., 2009,

A comparison of pre- and post-remediation water quality, Mineral Creek, Colorado: Hydrological Processes, v. 23, no. 23, p. 3319-3333, doi:10.1002/hyp.7427.

Runkel, R.L., Kimball, B.A., Steiger, J.I., and Walton-Day, K., 2009,

Geochemical data for upper Mineral Creek, Colorado, under existing ambient conditions and during an experimental pH modification, August 2005: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 442, 41 p.

Runkel, R.L., Kimball, B.A., Walton-Day, K., and Verplanck, P.L., 2007,

A simulation-based approach for estimating premining water quality--Red Mountain Creek, Colorado: Applied Geochemistry, v. 22, no. 9, p. 1899-1918, doi:10.1016/j.apgeochem.2007.03.054.

Runkel, R.L., Kimball, B.A., Walton-Day, K., and Verplanck, P.L., 2005,

Geochemistry of Red Mountain Creek, Colorado, under low-flow conditions, August 2002: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5101, 78 p.

Runkel, R.L., Kimball, B.A., Walton-Day, K., Verplanck, P.L., and Broshears, R.E., 2012,

Evaluating remedial alternatives for an acid mine drainage stream--A model post audit: Environmental Science and Technology, v. 46, no. 1, p. 340-347, doi:10.1021/es2038504.

Schemel, L.E., Cox, M.H., Runkel, R.L., and Kimball, B.A., 2006,

Multiple injected and natural conservative tracers quantify mixing in a stream confluence affected by acid mine drainage near Silverton, Colorado: Hydrological Processes, v. 20, no. 13, p. 2727-2743, doi:10.1002/hyp.6081.

Schemel, L.E., Kimball, B.A., Runkel, R.L., and Cox, M.H., 2007,

Formation of mixed Al-Fe colloidal sorbent and dissolved-colloidal partitioning of Cu and Zn in the Cement Creek-Animas River confluence, Silverton, Colorado: Applied Geochemistry, v. 22, no. 7, p. 1467-1484, doi:10.1016/j.apgeochem.2007.02.010.

Schmidt, T.S., Clements, W.H., Mitchell, K.A., Church, S.E., Wanty, R.B., Fey, D.L., Verplanck, P.L., and San Juan, C.A., 2010,

Development of a new toxic-unit model for the bioassessment of metals in streams: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 29, no. 11, p. 2432-2442, doi:10.1002/etc.302.

Shope, C.L., Xie, Y., and Gammons, C.H., 2006,

The influence of hydrous Mn-Zn oxides on diel cycling of Zn in an alkaline stream draining abandoned mine lands: Applied Geochemistry, v. 21, no. 3, p. 476-491, doi:10.1016/j.apgeochem.2005.11.004.

Swayze, G.A., Desborough, G.A., Smith, K.S., Heather A. Lowers, Hammarstrom, J.M., Diehl, S.F., Leinz, R.W., and Driscoll, R.L., 2008,

Understanding jarosite--From mine waste to Mars (Chapter B), in Verplanck, P.L., ed., Understanding Contaminants Associated with Mineral Deposits: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 2008-1328, p. 8-13.

Unruh, D.M., Church, S.E., Nimick, D.A., and Fey, D.L., 2009,

Metal contamination and post-remediation recovery in the Boulder River watershed, Jefferson County, Montana: Geochemistry--Exploration, Environment, Analysis, v. 9, no. 2, p. 179-199, doi:10.1144/1467-7873/09-191.

Verplanck, P.L., Manning, A.H., Graves, J.T., McCleskey, R.B., Todorov, T., and Lamothe, P.J., 2009,

Geochemistry of standard mine waters, Gunnison County, Colorado, July 2009: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2009-1292, 21 p.

Verplanck, P.L., Manning, A.H., Kimball, B.K., McCleskey, R.B., Runkel, R.L., Caine, J.S., Adams, M., Gemery-Hill, P.A., and Fey, D.L., 2007,

Ground- and surface-water chemistry of Handcart Gulch, Park County, Colorado, 2003-2006: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1020, 31 p.

Verplanck, P.L., Mueller, S.H., Goldfarb, R.J., and Nordstrom, D.K., 2007,

Elevated arsenic in ground water, Ester Dome (Alaska), in Cidu, R., and Frau, F., eds., Water in Mining Environments, Proceedings of the International Mine Water Association Symposium 2007, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Sardinia, Italy, May 27-31, 2007: p. 473-477.

Verplanck, P.L., Nordstrom, D.K., Bove, D.J., Plumlee, G.S., and Runkel, R.L., 2009,

Naturally acidic surface and ground waters draining porphyry-related mineralized areas of the Southern Rocky Mountains, Colorado and New Mexico: Applied Geochemistry, v. 24, no. 2, p. 255-267, doi:10.1016/j.apgeochem.2008.11.014.

Verplanck, P.L., Nordstrom, D.K., Plumlee, G.S., and Walker, B.M., 2010,

Estimating natural background groundwater chemistry, Questa Molybdenum Mine, New Mexico: Field Guides, v. 18, p. 141-161, doi:10.1130/2010.0018(07).

Verplanck, P.L., ed., 2008,

Understanding contaminants associated with mineral deposits: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 2008-1328, 96 p.

Walton-Day, K., Flynn, J.L., Kimball, B.A., and Runkel, R.L., 2005,

Mass loading of selected major and trace elements in Lake Fork Creek near Leadville, Colorado, September-October 2001: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5151, 46 p.

Walton-Day, K., Paschke, S.S., Runkel, R.L., and Kimball, B.A., 2007,

Using the OTIS solute-transport model to evaluate remediation scenarios in Cement Creek and the Upper Animas River (Chapter E24), in Church, S.E., von Guerard, P., and Finger, S.E., eds., Integrated Investigations of Environmental Effects of Historical Mining in the Animas River Watershed, San Juan County, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1651, v. 2, p. 973-1028.

Walton-Day, K., and Poeter, E., 2009,

Investigating hydraulic connections and the origin of water in a mine tunnel using stable isotopes and hydrographs: Applied Geochemistry, v. 24, no. 12, p. 2266-2282, doi:10.1016/j.apgeochem.2009.09.015.

Wood, S.A., Gammons, C.H., and Parker, S.R., 2006,

The behavior of rare earth elements in naturally and anthropogenically acidified waters: Journal of Alloys and Compounds, v. 418, no. 1-2, p. 161-165, doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2005.07.082.

There are 97 on-line publications in this section of the bibliography. The Toxics Bibliographic Data Base was last updated on 2/8/12.

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