Natural Attenuation

Natural attenuation and biodegradation of contaminants

Adrian, N.R., Robinson, J.A., and Suflita, J.M., 1994,

Spatial variability in biodegradation rates as evidenced by methane production from an aquifer: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, v. 60, no. 10, p. 3632-3639.

Adrian, N.R., and Suflita, J.M., 1994,

Anaerobic biodegradation of halogenated and nonhalogenated N-, S- and O-heterocylic compounds in aquifer slurries: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 13, p. 1551-1557.

Afkar, E., Lisak, J., Saltikov, C., Basu, P., Oremland, R.S., and Stolz, J.F., 2003,

The respiratory arsenate reductace from Bacillus selenitireducens strain MLS10.: FEMS Microbiology Letters, v. 226, p. 107-112, doi:10.1016/S0378-1097(03)00609-8.

Aiken, G.R., Capel, P.D., Furlong, E.T., Hult, M.F., and Thorn, K.A., 1991,

Mechanisms controlling the transport of organic chemicals in subsurface environments, in Mallard, G.E., and Aronson, D.A., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the technical meeting, Monterey, California, March 11-15, 1991: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 91-4034, p. 633-637.

Amirbahman, A., Kent, D.B., Curtis, G.P., and Davis, J.A., 2006,

Kinetics of sorption and abiotic oxidation of arsenic(III) by aquifer materials: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 70, no. 3, p. 533-547, doi:10.1016/j.gca.2005.10.036.

Amos, R.T., 2006,

Integrated investigation of natural attenuation in a petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated aquifer: Vancouver, BC, Canada, University of British Columbia, Department of Earth and Ocean Sciences, Ph.D. thesis.

Amos, R.T., and Mayer, K.U., 2006,

Investigating ebullition in a sand column using dissolved gas analysis and reactive transport modeling: Environmental Science and Technology, v. 40, p. 5361-5367, doi:10.1021/es0602501.

Amos, R.T., and Mayer, K.U., 2006,

Investigating the role of gas bubble formation and entrapment in contaminated aquifers--Reactive transport modeling: Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, v. 87, p. 123-154, doi:10.1016/j.jconhyd.2006.04.008.

Amos, R.T., Mayer, K.U., Bekins, B.A., Delin, G.N., and Williams, R.L., 2005,

Use of dissolved and vapor-phase gases to investigate methanogenic degradation of petroleum hydrocarbon contamination in the subsurface: Water Resources Research, v. 41, no. 2, W02001, doi:10.1029/2004WR003433.

Anderson, L.C.D., Kent, D.A., and Davis, J.A., 1992,

Reduction of Cr(VI) under mildly reducing conditions in a sand and gravel aquifer, in Kharaka, Y.K., and Maest, A.S., eds., Proceedings of the 7th International Symposium on Water-Rock Interaction -- WRI-7, Park City, Utah, July 13-18, 1992: A.A. Balkema, p. 495-498.

Anderson, L.D., Kent, D.B., and Davis, J.A., 1991,

Adsorption and reduction of chromium (VI) under toxic conditions in a shallow sand aquifer at Cape Cod, Massachusetts, in Mallard, G.E., and Aronson, D.A., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the technical meeting, Monterey, California, March 11-15, 1991: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 91-4034, p. 63-71.

Anderson, R.T., and Lovley, D.R., 2000,

Hexadecane decay by methanogenesis: Nature, v. 404, p. 722-723.

Anderson, R.T., Rooney-Varga, J.N., Gaw, C.V., and Lovley, D.R., 1999,

Aromatic and polyaromatic hydrocarbon degradation under Fe(III)-reducing conditions, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Buxton, H.T., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the Technical Meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999--Volume 3 of 3--Subsurface Contamination from Point Sources: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4018C, p. 177-186.

Anderson, R.T., Rooney-Varga, J.N., Gaw, C.V., and Lovley, D.R., 1998,

Anaerobic benzene degradation in the Fe(III) reduction zone of petroleum-contaminated aquifers: Environmental Science and Technology, v. 32, no. 9, p. 1222-1229, doi:10.1021/es9704949.

Arai, Y., McBeath, M., Bargar, J.R., Joye, J., and Davis, J.A., 2006,

Uranyl adsorption and surface speciation at the imogolite-water interface--Self-consistent spectroscopic and surface complexation models: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 70, no. 10, p. 2492-2509, doi:10.1016/j.gca.2006.02.013.

Arai, Y., Sparks, D.L., and Davis, J.A., 2005,

Arsenate adsorption mechanisms at the allophane-water interface: Environmental Science and Technology, v. 39, p. 2537-2544, doi:10.1021/es0486770.

Arai, Y., Sparks, D.L., and Davis, J.A., 2004,

Effects of dissolved carbonate on arsenate adsorption and surface speciation at the hematite-water interface: Environmental Science and Technology, v. 38, p. 817-824, doi:10.1021/es034800w.

Arvin, E., Godsy, E.M., Grbic'-Galic', D., and Jensen, B., 1988,

Microbial degradation of oil- and creosote-related aromatic compounds under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, in Wu, Y.C., ed., Proceedings of the International Conference on Physiochemical and Biological Detoxification of Hazardous Wastes, Atlantic City, New Jersey, May 3-5, 1988: Lancaster, Penn., Technomic Publishing, p. 829-847.

Back, W., and Baedecker, M.J., 1989,

Chemical hydrogeology in natural and contaminated environments: Journal of Hydrology, v. 106, p. 1-28.

Baedecker, M.J., 1994,

Field and laboratory results--getting the whole picture, in Symposium on Intrinsic Bioremediation of Ground Water, Denver, Colorado, August 30-September 1, 1994: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, p. 41-46.

Baedecker, M.J., and Cozzarelli, I.M., 1994,

Biogeochemical processes and migration of aqueous constituents in ground water contaminated with crude oil, in Dutton, A.R., ed., Toxic Substances and the Hydrologic Sciences--Proceedings of the conference, Austin, Texas, April 10-13, 1994: Minneapolis, Minn., American Institute of Hydrology, p. 69-79.

Baedecker, M.J., and Cozzarelli, I.M., 1992,

The determination and fate of unstable constituents of contaminated groundwater, in Lesage, S., and Jackson, R.E., eds., Groundwater contamination and analysis at hazardous waste sites: New York, Marcel Dekker, Inc., p. 425-462.

Baedecker, M.J., and Cozzarelli, I.M., 1991,

Geochemical modeling of organic degradation reactions in an aquifer contaminated with crude oil, in Mallard, G.E., and Aronson, D.A., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the technical meeting, Monterey, California, March 11-15, 1991: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 91-4034, p. 627-632.

Baedecker, M.J., Cozzarelli, I.M., Bennett, P.C., Eganhouse, R.P., and Hult, M.F., 1996,

Evolution of the contaminant plume in an aquifer contaminated with crude oil, Bemidji, Minnesota, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Aronson, D.A., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the technical meeting, Colorado Springs, Colorado, September 20-24, 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4015, v. 2, p. 613-620.

Baedecker, M.J., Cozzarelli, I.M., and Hopple, J.A., 1987,

The composition and fate of hydrocarbons in a shallow glacial-outwash aquifer, in Franks, B.J., ed., U.S. Geological Survey Program on Toxic Waste--Ground-Water Contamination--Proceedings of the third technical meeting, Pensacola, Florida, March 23-27, 1987: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 87-109, p. C-23-C-24.

Baedecker, M.J., Cozzarelli, I.M., and Phinney, C.S., 1991,

Distribution of organic and inorganic constituents in ground water at Galloway Township, New Jersey, in Mallard, G.E., and Aronson, D.A., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the technical meeting, Monterey, California, March 11-15, 1991: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 91-4034, p. 287-293.

Baedecker, M.J., Cozzarelli, I.M., Siegel, D.I., Bennett, P.C., and Eganhouse, R.P., 1993,

Crude oil in a shallow sand and gravel aquifer--III, Biogeochemical reactions and mass balance modeling in anoxic ground water: Applied Geochemistry, v. 8, no. 6, p. 569-586, doi:10.1016/0883-2927(93)90012-6.

Baedecker, M.J., and Eganhouse, R.P., 1991,

Partitioning and transport of hydrocarbons from crude oil in a sand and gravel aquifer, in Preprints of Papers Presented at the 201st ACA National Meeting, Division of Environmental Chemistry, Atlanta, Georgia, April 14-19, 1991: Washington, D.C., American Chemical Society, v. 31, no. 1, p. 463-466.

Baedecker, M.J., Eganhouse, R.P., and Lindsay, S.S., 1984,

Organic geochemistry of crude-oil contaminants--Preliminary results and project plan, in Hult, M.F., ed., Ground-water contamination by crude oil at the Bemidji, Minnesota, research site--U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Waste--Ground-Water Contamination Study--Papers presented at the toxic-waste technical meeting, Tucson, Arizona, March 20-22, 1984: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4188, chap. E, p. 65-79.

Baedecker, M.J., Franks, B.J., Goerlitz, D.F., and Hopple, J.A., 1988,

Geochemistry of a shallow aquifer contaminated with creosote products, in Ragone, S.E., ed., U.S. Geological Survey Program on Toxic Waste--Ground-Water Contamination--Proceedings of the second technical meeting, Cape Cod, Massachusetts, October 21-25, 1985: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 86-481, p. A-17-A-20.

Baedecker, M.J., and Lindsay, S.S., 1984,

Distribution of unstable constituents in ground water near a creosote works, Pensacola, Florida, in Mattraw, H.C., Jr., and Franks, B.J., eds., Movement and fate of creosote waste in ground water, Pensacola, Florida--U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Waste--Ground-Water Contamination Program: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 2285, chap. B, p. 9-17.

Baedecker, M.J., Siegel, D.I., Bennett, P.C., and Cozzarelli, I.M., 1989,

The fate and effects of crude oil in a shallow aquifer--I, The distribution of chemical species and geochemical facies, in Mallard, G.E., and Ragone, S.E., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the technical meeting, Phoenix, Arizona, September 26-30, 1988: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 88-4220, p. 13-20.

Baehr, A.L., and Baker, R.J., 1995,

Use of a reactive gas transport model to determine rates of hydrocarbon biodegradation in unsaturated porous media: Water Resources Research, v. 31, no. 11, p. 2877-2882, 95WR02077, doi:10.1029/95WR02077.

Baehr, A.L., Charles, E.G., and Baker, R.J., 2001,

Methyl tert-butyl ether degradation in the unsaturated zone and the relation between MTBE in the atmosphere and shallow groundwater: Water Resources Research, v. 37, no. 2, p. 223-233, 2000WR900292, doi:10.1029/2000WR900292.

Baehr, A.L., and Fischer, J.M., 1996,

Overview of research on the transport, microbial degradation, and remediation of hydrocarbons at a subsurface gasoline-spill site in Galloway Township, New Jersey, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Aronson, D.A., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the technical meeting, Colorado Springs, Colorado, September 20-24, 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4015, v. 1, p. 1-6.

Baehr, A.L., Fischer, J.M., Lahvis, M.A., Baker, R.J., and Smith, N.P., 1991,

Method for estimating rates of microbial degradation of hydrocarbons based on gas transport in the unsaturated zone at a gasoline-spill site in Galloway Township, New Jersey, in Mallard, G.E., and Aronson, D.A., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the technical meeting, Monterey, California, March 11-15, 1991: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 91-4034, p. 250-255.

Baehr, A.L., and Hult, M.F., 1987,

Mathematical modeling of hydrocarbon and oxygen transport coupled with microbial degradation in the unsaturated zone, in Franks, B.J., ed., U.S. Geological Survey Program on Toxic Waste--Ground-Water Contamination--Proceedings of the third technical meeting, Pensacola, Florida, March 23-27, 1987: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 87-109, p. C-27-C-28.

Baesman, S.M., Bullen, T.D., Dewald, J., Zhang, D., Curran, S., Islam, F.S., Beveridge, T.J., and Oremland, R.S., 2007,

Formation of tellurium nanocrystals during anaerobic growth of bacteria that use Te oxyanions as respiratory electron acceptors: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, v. 73, no. 7, p. 2135-2143, doi:10.1128/AEM.02558-06.

Baesman, S.M., and Miller, L.G., 2005,

Laboratory determination of the carbon kinetic isotope effects (KIEs) for reactions of methyl halides with various nucleophiles in solution: Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry, v. 52, p. 203-219, doi:10.1007/s10874-005-1904-0.

Báez-Cazull, S., McGuire, J.T., Cozzarelli, I.M., Raymond, A., and Welsh, L., 2007,

Centimeter-scale characterization of biogeochemical gradients at a wetland-aquifer interface using capillary electrophoresis: Applied Geochemistry, v. 22, no. 12, p. 2664-2683, doi:10.1016/j.apgeochem.2007.06.003 (Special Issue--Biogeochemical Gradients--Microbes, Measurements, and Modeling, Biogeochemical Gradients: Microbes, Measurements, and Modeling).

Báez-Cazull, S.E., McGuire, J.T., Cozzarelli, I.M., and Voytek, M.A., 2008,

Determination of dominant biogeochemical processes in a contaminated aquifer-wetland system using multivariate statistical analysis: Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 37, no. 1, p. 30-46, doi:10.2134/jeq2007.0169.

Baker, R.J., 1995,

In situ and on-site biodegradation of refined and fuel oils: A review of technical literature 1988-1991: American Petroleum Institute publication number 4627, 146 p.

Baker, R.J., 1993,

A laboratory method for quantifying the rate of microbial degradation of hydrocarbons in unsaturated porous media: Philadelphia, Pa., Drexel University, Environmental Studies Institute, unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, 235 p.

Baker, R.J., and Baehr, A.L., 1996,

Use of column studies and a reactive transport model to measure biodegradation rates of hydrocarbons, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Aronson, D.A., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the technical meeting, Colorado Springs, Colorado, September 20-24, 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4015, v. 1, p. 43-47.

Baker, R.J., Baehr, A.L., and Lahvis, M.A., 2000,

Estimation of hydrocarbon biodegradation rates in gasoline-contaminated sediment from measured respiration rates: Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, v. 41, no. 1-2, p. 175-192, doi:10.1016/S0169-7722(99)00063-7.

Balistrieri, L.S., and Chao, T.T., 1987,

Adsorption of selenium by iron and manganese oxides--Environmental implications, in Franks, B.J., ed., U.S. Geological Survey Program on Toxic Waste--Ground-Water Contamination--Proceedings of the third technical meeting, Pensacola, Florida, March 23-27, 1987: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 87-109, p. E-19-E-20.

Barber, L.B., 1992,

Hierarchical analytical approach to evaluating the transport and biogeochemical fate of organic compounds in sewage-contaminated groundwater, Cape Cod, Massachusetts, in Lesage, S., and Jackson, R.E., eds., Groundwater contamination and analysis at hazardous waste sites: New York, Marcel Dekker, p. 73-120.

Barber, L.B., II, 1994,

Sorption of chlorobenzenes to Cape Cod aquifer sediments: Environmental Science and Technology, v. 28, no. 5, p. 890-897, doi:10.1021/es00054a021.

Barber, L.B., II, 1991,

Effects of particle size and mineralogy on sorption of nonionic organic solutes to glacial outwash sediments, Cape Cod, Massachusetts, in Mallard, G.E., and Aronson, D.A., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the technical meeting, Monterey, California, March 11-15, 1991: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 91-4034, p. 111-115.

Barber, L.B., II, 1990,

Geochemical heterogeneity in a glacial outwash aquifer--Effect of particle size and mineralogy on sorption of nonionic organic solutes: Boulder, University of Colorado, Department of Geological Sciences, unpublished Ph.D. thesis, 238 p.

Barber, L.B., II, 1989,

Influence of geochemical heterogeneity in a sand and gravel aquifer on the sorption of chlorobenzenes, in Mallard, G.E., and Ragone, S.E., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the technical meeting, Phoenix, Arizona, September 26-30, 1988: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 88-4220, p. 177-182.

Barber, L.B., II, Krueger, C., Metge, D.W., Harvey, R.W., and Field, J.A., 1995,

Fate of linear alkylbenzene sulfonate in groundwater--Implications for in situ surfactant-enhanced remediation, in Sabatini, D.A., Knox, R.C., and Harwell, J.H., eds., Surfactant-enhanced subsurface remediation--emerging technologies: Washington, D.C., American Chemical Society ACS Symposium Series 594, p. 95-111.

Barber, L.B., II, Thurman, E.M., Field, J.A., Leenheer, J.A., and LeBlanc, D.R., 1991,

Biogeochemical fate of organic compounds in sewage-contaminated ground water, Cape Cod, Massachusetts, in Mallard, G.E., and Aronson, D.A., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the technical meeting, Monterey, California, March 11-15, 1991: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 91-4034, p. 102-105.

Barber, L.B., II, Thurman, E.M., and Runnells, D.D., 1992,

Geochemical heterogeneity in a sand and gravel aquifer--Effect of sediment mineralogy and particle size on the sorption of chlorobenzenes: Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, v. 9, no. 1, p. 35-54, doi:10.1016/0169-7722(92)90049-K.

Barber, L.B., II, Thurman, E.M., Schroeder, M.P., and LeBlanc, D.R., 1988,

Long-term fate of organic micropollutants in sewage-contaminated groundwater: Environmental Science and Technology, v. 22, no. 2, p. 205-211, doi:10.1021/es00167a012.

Barber, L.B., and Keefe, S.H., 1999,

Evolution of a ground-water sewage plume after removal of the 60-year-long source, Cape Cod, Massachusetts--Changes in the distribution of dissolved oxygen, boron, and organic carbon, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Buxton, H.T., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the Technical Meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999--Volume 3 of 3--Subsurface Contamination from Point Sources: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4018C, p. 261-270.

Barber, L.B., Leenheer, J.A., Noyes, T.I., and Stiles, E.A., 2001,

Nature and transformation of dissolved organic matter in treatment wetlands: Environmental Science and Technology, v. 35, no. 24, p. 4805-4816, doi:10.1021/es010518i.

Barber, L.B., and Rostad, C.E., 2003,

Specific organic contaminants, in Schroeder, R.A., ed., Water-quality changes and organic-carbon characterization during recharge with recycled water at a research basin in Montebello Forebay, Los Angeles, California, 1991-1996 (Chapter 12): U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 03-4146, p. 116-122.

Bargar, J.R., Kubicki, J.D., Reitmeyer, R., and Davis, D.A., 2005,

ATR-FTIR characterization of inner-sphere and outer-sphere carbonate surface complexes on hematite: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 69, p. 1527-1542, doi:10.1016/j.gca.2004.08.002.

Bekins, B., Rittmann, B.E., and MacDonald, J.A., 2001,

Natural attenuation strategy for groundwater cleanup focuses on demonstrating cause and effect: Eos, v. 82, no. 5, p. 53, 57-58.

Bekins, B.A., 2003,

2004 Birdsall Dreiss Lecturer Announced: GSA Today, v. 13, no. 8, p. 26.

Bekins, B.A., 2000,

Groundwater and microbial processes theme issue - Guest editor's preface: Hydrogeology Journal, v. 8, no. 1, p. 2-3, doi:10.1007/s100400050002.

Bekins, B.A., Baehr, A.L., Cozzarelli, I.M., Essaid, H.I., Haack, S.K., Harvey, R.W., Shapiro, A.M., Smith, J.A., and Smith, R.L., 1999,

Capabilities and challenges of natural attenuation in the subsurface--Lessons from the U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Buxton, H.T., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the Technical Meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999--Volume 3 of 3--Subsurface Contamination from Point Sources: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4018C, p. 37-56.

Bekins, B.A., Cozzarelli, I.M., and Curtis, G.P., 2005,

A simple method for calculating growth rates of petroleum hydrocarbon plumes: Ground Water, v. 0, no. 0, doi:10.1111/j.1745-6584.2005.00093.x.

Bekins, B.A., Cozzarelli, I.M., Godsy, E.M., Warren, E., Essaid, H.I., and Tuccillo, M.E., 2001,

Progression of natural attenuation processes at a crude oil spill site--II, Controls on spatial distribution of microbial populations: Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, v. 53, no. 3-4, p. 387-406, doi:10.1016/S0169-7722(01)00175-9

Bekins, B.A., Cozzarelli, I.M., Godsy, E.M., Warren, E.M., Tuccillo, M.E., Essaid, H.I., and Paganelli, V.V., 1999,

Chemical and physical controls on microbial populations in the Bemidji Toxics Site crude-oil plume, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Buxton, H.T., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the Technical Meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999--Volume 3 of 3--Subsurface Contamination from Point Sources: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4018C, p. 133-142.

Bekins, B.A., Cozzarelli, I.M., Warren, E., and Godsy, E.M., 2002,

Microbial ecology of a crude-oil contaminated aquifer, in Thornton, S.F., and Oswald, S.E., eds., Natural and Enhanced Restoration of Groundwater Pollution: International Association of Hydrological Sciences IAHS Red Book Series 275, p. 57-63.

Bekins, B.A., E.M., G., and Goerlitz, D.F., 1993,

Modeling steady-state methanogenic degradation of phenols in groundwater: Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, v. 14, no. 3-4, p. 279-294, doi:10.1016/0169-7722(93)90029-R

Bekins, B.A., Godsy, E.M., and Goerlitz, D.F., 1996,

Modeling steady-state methanogenic degradation of phenols in ground water at Pensacola, Florida, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Aronson, D.A., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the technical meeting, Colorado Springs, Colorado, September 20-24, 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4015, v. 2, p. 843-849.

Bekins, B.A., Godsy, E.M., and Goerlitz, D.F., 1994,

Modeling steady-state methanogenic degradation of phenols in groundwater at Pensacola, Florida, in Symposium on bioremediation of hazardous wastes--Research, development, and field evaluations: Washington, D.C., Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Environmental Research Brief EPA/600/R-94/075, p. 158-163.

Bekins, B.A., Godsy, E.M., and Warren, E., 1999,

Distribution of microbial physiologic types in an aquifer contaminated by crude oil: Microbial Ecology, v. 37, no. 4, p. 263-275, doi:10.1007/s002489900149.

Bekins, B.A., Godsy, E.M., and Warren, E., 1995,

Toxicity effects on methanogenic degradation of phenol in ground water, in Eighth annual symposium on Bioremediation of hazardous wastes; research, development, and field evaluations, Rye Brook, N.Y., United States, August 8-10, 1995: p. 20-21.

Bekins, B.A., Godsy, E.M., and Warren, E., 1995,

Toxicity effects on methanogenic degradation of phenol in ground water, in Symposium on Bioremediation of Hazardous Wastes--Research, Development, and Field Evaluations: Washington, D.C., Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Environmental Research Brief EPA/600/R-95/076, p. 18-19.

Bekins, B.A., Hostettler, F.D., Herkelrath, W.N., Delin, G.N., Warren, E., and Essaid, H.I., 2005,

Progression of methanogenic degradation of crude oil in the subsurface: Environmental Geosciences, v. 12, no. 2, p. 139-152, doi:10.1306/eg.11160404036.

Bekins, B.A., Warren, E., and Godsy, E.M., 1998,

A comparison of zero-order, first-order, and Monod biotransformation models: Ground Water, v. 36, no. 2, p. 261-268.

Bekins, B.A., Warren, E., and Godsy, E.M., 1997,

Comparing zero and first order approximations to the Monod Model, in Alleman, B.C., and Leeson, A., eds., In Situ and On Site Bioremediation--Procedings of the Fourth International Symposium on In Situ And On-Site Bioremediation, New Orleans, La., April 28-May 1, 1997: Columbus, Ohio, Battelle Press, v. 5, p. 547-552 (Contact The Conference Group Inc. for information on the availability of the proceedings.).

Bennett, J.L., Updegraff, D.M., Pereira, W.E., and Rostad, C.E., 1986,

Microbial transformations of quinoline in soil at a hazardous-waste site near Pensacola, Florida, in Mattraw, H.C., Jr., and Franks, B.J., eds., Movement and fate of creosote waste in groundwater, Pensacola, Florida--U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Waste--Ground-Water Contamination Program: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 2285, chap. D, p. 27-31.

Bennett, P.C., Hiebert, F.K., and Rogers, J.R., 2000,

Microbial control of mineral-water equilibria--Macroscale to microscale: Hydrogeology Journal, v. 8, no. 1, p. 47-62, doi:10.1007/s100400050007.

Bennett, P.C., Rogers, J.R., and Hiebert, F.K., 1999,

Microbial weathering of silicates--a strategy for releasing essential nutrients from rocks, in International Symposium on Environmental Biogeochemistry.

Bennett, P.C., Siegel, D.I., Baedecker, M.J., and Hult, M.F., 1993,

Crude oil in a shallow sand and gravel aquifer--I, Hydrogeology and inorganic geochemistry: Applied Geochemistry, v. 8, no. 6, p. 529-549, doi:10.1016/0883-2927(93)90012-6.

Bjerg, P.L., Albrechtsen, H.J., Kjeldsen, P., Christensen, T.H., and Cozzarelli, I.M., 2003,

The groundwater geochemistry of waste disposal facilities (chapter 16), in Lollar, B.S., ed., Treatise on Geochemistry: Elsevier, v. 9 of 10 volumes, p. 579-612, ISBN:9780080437514.

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